<p>In the present world, it is necessary to utilize industrial waste in various applications for the sustainable development of society. In this study, the composite system is prepared utilizing fly ash as a dispersion medium and pyrophyllite as a dispersoid, which can be a potential alternative to costlier ceramics. The work presented here explores the effectiveness of the composite material as a dielectric material for electronic applications. The structural analysis of the material is performed using x-ray diffraction pattern analyses. The morphological analysis is done with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), observing spherical morphology for fly ash, and flake-like morphology for pyrophyllite. Raman spectroscopic analysis showed the presence of mullite phase in the prepared composite. To understand the surface topographic features of the sample, atomic force microscopy analysis is performed, showing the height distribution of the particles. The dielectric and ferroelectric properties are enhanced for the composite material (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\varepsilon_{r} = 6.7, tan\delta = 0.63, \;Z^{\prime} = 34.57 {\text{M}}\Omega ,\;{\text{ P}}_{s} = 11.5\; {\text{nC}}/{\text{cm}}^{2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>6.7</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.63</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <msup> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>34.57</mn> <mtext>M</mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <msub> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>P</mtext> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>11.5</mn> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mtext>nC</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mtext>cm</mtext> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) as compared to fly ash (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\varepsilon_{r} = 6.4, tan\delta = 0.82, \;Z^{\prime} = 30.05 {\text{M}}\Omega ,\;{\text{ P}}_{s} = 10.2\; {\text{nC}}/{\text{cm}}^{2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>6.4</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.82</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <msup> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>30.05</mn> <mtext>M</mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <msub> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>P</mtext> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>10.2</mn> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mtext>nC</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mtext>cm</mtext> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), indicating its suitability for use as a dielectric material from waste.</p>

Fly Ash–Pyrophyllite Composites with Enhanced Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties for Electronic Applications

期刊论文
发表日期：

2025年11月20日

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Muktikanta Panigrahi,
Ratan I. Ganguly,
Srujan Sapkal,
Himanshu S. Panda,
Radha R. Dash

摘要

In the present world, it is necessary to utilize industrial waste in various applications for the sustainable development of society. In this study, the composite system is prepared utilizing fly ash as a dispersion medium and pyrophyllite as a dispersoid, which can be a potential alternative to costlier ceramics. The work presented here explores the effectiveness of the composite material as a dielectric material for electronic applications. The structural analysis of the material is performed using x-ray diffraction pattern analyses. The morphological analysis is done with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), observing spherical morphology for fly ash, and flake-like morphology for pyrophyllite. Raman spectroscopic analysis showed the presence of mullite phase in the prepared composite. To understand the surface topographic features of the sample, atomic force microscopy analysis is performed, showing the height distribution of the particles. The dielectric and ferroelectric properties are enhanced for the composite material ( $\varepsilon_{r} = 6.7, tan\delta = 0.63, \;Z^{\prime} = 34.57 {\text{M}}\Omega ,\;{\text{ P}}_{s} = 11.5\; {\text{nC}}/{\text{cm}}^{2}$ $ε_{r} = 6.7, t a n δ = 0.63, Z^{'} = 34.57 M Ω, P_{s} = 11.5 nC / {cm}^{2}$ ) as compared to fly ash ( $\varepsilon_{r} = 6.4, tan\delta = 0.82, \;Z^{\prime} = 30.05 {\text{M}}\Omega ,\;{\text{ P}}_{s} = 10.2\; {\text{nC}}/{\text{cm}}^{2}$ $ε_{r} = 6.4, t a n δ = 0.82, Z^{'} = 30.05 M Ω, P_{s} = 10.2 nC / {cm}^{2}$ ), indicating its suitability for use as a dielectric material from waste.