<p>The deformation behavior and microstructure of a spray-deposited SiCp/7055Al composite were comprehensively investigated, with a particular focus on its deformation characteristics and damage mechanisms. The microstructural evolution and enhancement mechanisms during in situ loading were elucidated. The dispersed Al₃Zr phase coexisted with the η′ precipitates, forming coarse secondary phases. Fracture analysis revealed that cracks primarily initiated at the edges and surfaces of the SiC particles, accompanied by significant interfacial debonding. The composite exhibited physical interfacial bonding and brittle fracture mode. At ambient temperature, the SiC particles bore most of the stress, leading to a relatively small matrix deformation. The proportion of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) increased with strain because the SiC particles and dislocation accumulation inhibited LAGB migration. Fiber textures  &lt;111&gt; parallel to the extrusion direction (ED) and polar textures {112} &lt;111&gt; were detected in both undeformed and deformed states, with the texture intensity changing slightly with strain. Theoretical calculations demonstrated that the Taylor-based nonlocal plasticity theory effectively describes the plastic deformation stress of the composite, whereas strengthening mechanisms were attributed to load transfer, grain refinement, and thermal mismatch effects.</p>