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<p>Development of orthopedic implants with superior properties as compared to the present implants is the need of present days in the perspective of patients’ safety and comfort. This review paper has made an effort to present a unique trio of this domain by exploring various orthopedic implant materials, multiscale modeling-based design, and design-based manufacturing of implants by 3D printing techniques. Direct energy deposition, powder-bed fusion, fused deposition modeling, and binder jetting are some of the 3D printing techniques used to print orthopedic implants. Nowadays, there is intense research focus on various Ti-based alloys due to their low Young’s modulus and excellent corrosion behavior. Metal-, polymer-, and ceramic-based orthopedic scaffolds fabricated through additive manufacturing technique demonstrate superior mechanical properties, patient-specific geometries, and enhanced corrosion resistance properties, as compared to those manufactured through conventional technique. Molecular dynamics simulation and finite element method-based numerical techniques are used to predict the properties relevant to orthopedic implants. Post-processing of additively manufactured implant material plays a crucial role in enhancing cell proliferation and osteoblast integration with human bone. Biocompatibility studies via in vivo and in vitro cell culture are the essential steps for approval of the implant before clinical trial. Artificial intelligence paves the way for innovative orthopedic material design, while emerging technologies like 4D to 5D printing and bioink-based bioprinting can be promising for implant manufacturing.</p>

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Development of Orthopedic Implant through Computational Modeling and Additive Manufacturing: A Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月8日

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  • Pritam Sadhukhan,
  • Satadipa Banerjee,
  • Hrishikesh Kumar,
  • Ajay Kumar Mishra,
  • Arijit Banerjee,
  • Barnali Maji,
  • M. M. Ghosh

摘要

Development of orthopedic implants with superior properties as compared to the present implants is the need of present days in the perspective of patients’ safety and comfort. This review paper has made an effort to present a unique trio of this domain by exploring various orthopedic implant materials, multiscale modeling-based design, and design-based manufacturing of implants by 3D printing techniques. Direct energy deposition, powder-bed fusion, fused deposition modeling, and binder jetting are some of the 3D printing techniques used to print orthopedic implants. Nowadays, there is intense research focus on various Ti-based alloys due to their low Young’s modulus and excellent corrosion behavior. Metal-, polymer-, and ceramic-based orthopedic scaffolds fabricated through additive manufacturing technique demonstrate superior mechanical properties, patient-specific geometries, and enhanced corrosion resistance properties, as compared to those manufactured through conventional technique. Molecular dynamics simulation and finite element method-based numerical techniques are used to predict the properties relevant to orthopedic implants. Post-processing of additively manufactured implant material plays a crucial role in enhancing cell proliferation and osteoblast integration with human bone. Biocompatibility studies via in vivo and in vitro cell culture are the essential steps for approval of the implant before clinical trial. Artificial intelligence paves the way for innovative orthopedic material design, while emerging technologies like 4D to 5D printing and bioink-based bioprinting can be promising for implant manufacturing.