<p>A new glass system based on the 20Na₂O-(20-x)CaO-xMoO₃-60P₂O₅ composition was successfully prepared via the melt-quenching technique (x = 0, 1, 3, and 5 mol.%) to investigate the progress on their structural, optical, mechanical, and shielding properties. Glasses were characterized by XRD and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The mechanical properties were computed by determining different elastic moduli. The modification of the density (<i>ρ</i>) of glasses related to their molar volume (V_m) was also considered. Various beneficial radiation shielding parameters were estimated. The XRD patterns demonstrate that there is no long-range order within the structure, which indicates the amorphous nature of all samples. The density slightly increased from 2.49 to 2.62 g/cm³. Vickers microhardness of the investigated glasses decreased as MoO₃ increased in the glass networks. Elastic parameters (bulk, young, shear, and longitudinal modulus) increased as a result of structural changes brought on by an increase in MoO₃ content. Refractive index (n) and optical band gap (E_g) discovered that both of these variables are highly dependent on the amount of MoO₃. Mass-(MAC) and linear-(LAC) absorption coefficients increased, while half-(HVL) and tenth-(TVL) value layers decreased as MoO₃ enhanced in glass networks. Thus, based on the qualities that were investigated, the produced glasses may be employed as prospective materials for opto-mechanical and <i>γ</i>-ray shielding applications.</p>