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<p>316L stainless steel (316L) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were joined by laser transmission welding using a low-power semiconductor laser. Due to notable dissimilarities in the thermal and mechanical properties of PVC and 316L, variations in process parameters had a considerable impact on joint morphology and lap-shear strength. To identify the optimal welding process parameters for achieving superior weld quality and minimize experimental costs, this study employed response surface methodology (RSM) to conduct an in-depth analysis of the effects of welding parameters on the joint strength of PVC and 316L stainless steel. Additionally, the bonding mechanisms of the 316L/PVC joints were elucidated through a detailed examination of the microstructures of the fracture surfaces and cross sections of the 316L/PVC welded joints. The results indicated that the most significant influencing factor among the process parameters was laser power, followed by scanning speed and then defocusing distance. The research and analysis carried out on the joint lap-shear strength using the RSM demonstrate that when the laser power was set at 120 W, the scanning speed was 10&#xa0;mm/s, and the defocusing distance was 5&#xa0;mm, the maximum lap-shear strength that the joint can achieve was 7.41&#xa0;MPa. Furthermore, during the laser transmission joining process of PVC and 316L, PVC first reacts with oxygen to form new chemical bonds under the action of laser energy and undergoes complex chemical bonding interactions with the metal elements in 316L, resulting in new C-M, M-O, and Cr-O-C bonds, revealing that the joining mechanism of PVC and 316L under the action of laser was mainly a chemical bonding.</p>

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Mechanical Properties and Joining Mechanism for Laser Transmission Joining of PVC to Stainless Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月9日

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  • Jianguang Zhai,
  • Yinjiao He,
  • Tianyu Dou,
  • Ruijun Wang,
  • Yixuan Zhao,
  • Junhua Shao,
  • Yiyu Xu,
  • Caiwang Tan,
  • Jin Yang

摘要

316L stainless steel (316L) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were joined by laser transmission welding using a low-power semiconductor laser. Due to notable dissimilarities in the thermal and mechanical properties of PVC and 316L, variations in process parameters had a considerable impact on joint morphology and lap-shear strength. To identify the optimal welding process parameters for achieving superior weld quality and minimize experimental costs, this study employed response surface methodology (RSM) to conduct an in-depth analysis of the effects of welding parameters on the joint strength of PVC and 316L stainless steel. Additionally, the bonding mechanisms of the 316L/PVC joints were elucidated through a detailed examination of the microstructures of the fracture surfaces and cross sections of the 316L/PVC welded joints. The results indicated that the most significant influencing factor among the process parameters was laser power, followed by scanning speed and then defocusing distance. The research and analysis carried out on the joint lap-shear strength using the RSM demonstrate that when the laser power was set at 120 W, the scanning speed was 10 mm/s, and the defocusing distance was 5 mm, the maximum lap-shear strength that the joint can achieve was 7.41 MPa. Furthermore, during the laser transmission joining process of PVC and 316L, PVC first reacts with oxygen to form new chemical bonds under the action of laser energy and undergoes complex chemical bonding interactions with the metal elements in 316L, resulting in new C-M, M-O, and Cr-O-C bonds, revealing that the joining mechanism of PVC and 316L under the action of laser was mainly a chemical bonding.