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<p>This research explores the microstructure and mechanical properties of a dissimilar welded joint between AISI 316 and P92 steel, both having a thickness of 10&#xa0;mm, fabricated through the laser beam welding process. An in depth investigation of the structure–property relationships of the welded joint was carried out using collective techniques, including stereomicroscopy, optical microscopy (OM), electron microscopy (EM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), hardness measurements, tensile testing, and Charpy impact testing. Microstructural analysis and mechanical property evaluation demonstrated significant heterogeneity along the welded joint. Optical and electron microscopy revealed a martensitic structure in the weld metal, with a chemical composition between that of P92 and AISI 316 steels. However, due to higher dilution from the P92 side, the microstructure in the weld metal predominantly displayed a martensitic phase. Additionally, the Schaeffler diagram, constructed using point EDS data, revealed a combination of martensitic and ferritic structures within the weld metal near the P92 interface, at the P92 steel interface, and throughout the bulk weld metal. The post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) effectively reduced the microstructural heterogeneity and hardness gradients across the welded joint, particularly within the HAZ of the P92 steel. Tensile testing revealed that both as-welded and PWHT joints failed in AISI 316 base metal, with ultimate tensile strengths of 610 and 608&#xa0;MPa, respectively, confirming the adequate strength of the weld metal for laser-welded joints. At elevated temperatures of 600&#xa0;°C and 650&#xa0;°C, the welded joint exhibited ultimate tensile strengths of 366 and 298&#xa0;MPa, respectively, with failure occurring in the P92 steel. The welded joint exhibited low Charpy impact toughness in as-welded condition but showed a significant improvement after PWHT. The PWHT resulted in a favourable combination of strength and Charpy toughness, indicating that PWHT is essential for P92/AISI 316 joints to ensure safe operation in end-use applications.</p>

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Investigation of Microstructure-Mechanical Property Relationship in Dissimilar Laser Welded P92 and AISI 316 Steels for Ultra-Supercritical Boiler Application

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月12日

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  • Maneesh Kumar Yadav,
  • Shailesh M. Pandey

摘要

This research explores the microstructure and mechanical properties of a dissimilar welded joint between AISI 316 and P92 steel, both having a thickness of 10 mm, fabricated through the laser beam welding process. An in depth investigation of the structure–property relationships of the welded joint was carried out using collective techniques, including stereomicroscopy, optical microscopy (OM), electron microscopy (EM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), hardness measurements, tensile testing, and Charpy impact testing. Microstructural analysis and mechanical property evaluation demonstrated significant heterogeneity along the welded joint. Optical and electron microscopy revealed a martensitic structure in the weld metal, with a chemical composition between that of P92 and AISI 316 steels. However, due to higher dilution from the P92 side, the microstructure in the weld metal predominantly displayed a martensitic phase. Additionally, the Schaeffler diagram, constructed using point EDS data, revealed a combination of martensitic and ferritic structures within the weld metal near the P92 interface, at the P92 steel interface, and throughout the bulk weld metal. The post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) effectively reduced the microstructural heterogeneity and hardness gradients across the welded joint, particularly within the HAZ of the P92 steel. Tensile testing revealed that both as-welded and PWHT joints failed in AISI 316 base metal, with ultimate tensile strengths of 610 and 608 MPa, respectively, confirming the adequate strength of the weld metal for laser-welded joints. At elevated temperatures of 600 °C and 650 °C, the welded joint exhibited ultimate tensile strengths of 366 and 298 MPa, respectively, with failure occurring in the P92 steel. The welded joint exhibited low Charpy impact toughness in as-welded condition but showed a significant improvement after PWHT. The PWHT resulted in a favourable combination of strength and Charpy toughness, indicating that PWHT is essential for P92/AISI 316 joints to ensure safe operation in end-use applications.