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<p>This study investigates the effects of various percentage of titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal behavior of polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites filaments. PLA/TiO<sub>2</sub> filaments were fabricated using a micro-compounding technique to achieve better dispersion of TiO<sub>2</sub> in PLA matrix for future 3D printing applications. Microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed significant changes, including improved dispersion of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and the formation of fine TiO<sub>2</sub> clusters, which contributed to enhanced surface smoothness. Mechanical testing indicated that the addition of TiO<sub>2</sub> resulted in increased tensile strength and elongation, with PLA/5% TiO<sub>2</sub> demonstrating superior load-bearing capacity, making it suitable for applications in upcoming 3D printable biomedical products. Thermal analysis, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), showed improved thermal stability and increased crystallinity, with decomposition temperatures rising from 268.35&#xa0;°C in pure PLA to 374.60&#xa0;°C in PLA/5% TiO<sub>2</sub>. The introduction of different percentages of TiO<sub>2</sub> also led to an extension in the filament materials. The maximum extension was observed with PLA/5%TiO<sub>2</sub>, reaching 2.93&#xa0;mm. Water contact angle tests indicated enhanced hydrophilicity with TiO<sub>2</sub> incorporation, promoting better cell adhesion and proliferation. These findings underscore the potential of PLA/TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposites as advanced materials for future 3D printing in tissue engineering and other high-performance applications.</p>

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Engineering Smooth Surface Polylactic Acid/TiO2 Nanocomposite Filaments for Future 3D Printing Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月18日

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  • Sourav Patel,
  • G. S. Sudha,
  • N. R. Aswathy,
  • Aswini Kumar Mohapatra,
  • Pratap Chandra Padhi

摘要

This study investigates the effects of various percentage of titanium dioxide (TiO2) addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal behavior of polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites filaments. PLA/TiO2 filaments were fabricated using a micro-compounding technique to achieve better dispersion of TiO2 in PLA matrix for future 3D printing applications. Microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed significant changes, including improved dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles and the formation of fine TiO2 clusters, which contributed to enhanced surface smoothness. Mechanical testing indicated that the addition of TiO2 resulted in increased tensile strength and elongation, with PLA/5% TiO2 demonstrating superior load-bearing capacity, making it suitable for applications in upcoming 3D printable biomedical products. Thermal analysis, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), showed improved thermal stability and increased crystallinity, with decomposition temperatures rising from 268.35 °C in pure PLA to 374.60 °C in PLA/5% TiO2. The introduction of different percentages of TiO2 also led to an extension in the filament materials. The maximum extension was observed with PLA/5%TiO2, reaching 2.93 mm. Water contact angle tests indicated enhanced hydrophilicity with TiO2 incorporation, promoting better cell adhesion and proliferation. These findings underscore the potential of PLA/TiO2 nanocomposites as advanced materials for future 3D printing in tissue engineering and other high-performance applications.