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<p>Biocompatibility, structure, and properties of medical grade nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys doped with tungsten were studied in this paper. The main phases are TiNi, Ti<sub>2</sub>Ni, and pure W, based on the x-ray diffraction analysis. W is present in the NiTi alloys in the form of separate particles with 1.5&#xa0;µm average size. Starting at a W concentration of 0.4&#xa0;at.%, the stress–strain curves do not exhibit traditional stress plateau associated with the formation of stress-induced martensite, presumably due to a decrease in the volume fraction of the B2 phase by 50%. The strain of the multiple shape memory effect accumulated during cooling decreased from 6.5 to 3% with higher W content. Characteristic martensite transformation temperatures decrease with W concentration. Biocompatibility using 3T3 cells demonstrated that alloying NiTi with W improves biocompatibility. The hemolysis tests showed that NiTiW alloys do not have a destructive effect on erythrocytes for the tested W concentration up to 0.6&#xa0;at.%. Decreased levels of cytotoxicity with W content were observed. The practical application of NiTiW alloys in medicine from the point of view of physical materials science is promising at a W concentration up to 0.2&#xa0;at.%.</p>

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Composition, Mechanical Properties, Shape Memory Effects, and Biocompatibility of NiTiW Alloys

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月30日

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  • Ekaterina S. Marchenko,
  • Gulsharat A. Baigonakova,
  • Kirill M. Dubovikov,
  • Maxim D. Khomenko,
  • Valentin I. Shtin,
  • Denis E. Kulbakin,
  • Alex A. Volinsky

摘要

Biocompatibility, structure, and properties of medical grade nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys doped with tungsten were studied in this paper. The main phases are TiNi, Ti2Ni, and pure W, based on the x-ray diffraction analysis. W is present in the NiTi alloys in the form of separate particles with 1.5 µm average size. Starting at a W concentration of 0.4 at.%, the stress–strain curves do not exhibit traditional stress plateau associated with the formation of stress-induced martensite, presumably due to a decrease in the volume fraction of the B2 phase by 50%. The strain of the multiple shape memory effect accumulated during cooling decreased from 6.5 to 3% with higher W content. Characteristic martensite transformation temperatures decrease with W concentration. Biocompatibility using 3T3 cells demonstrated that alloying NiTi with W improves biocompatibility. The hemolysis tests showed that NiTiW alloys do not have a destructive effect on erythrocytes for the tested W concentration up to 0.6 at.%. Decreased levels of cytotoxicity with W content were observed. The practical application of NiTiW alloys in medicine from the point of view of physical materials science is promising at a W concentration up to 0.2 at.%.