<p>In this paper, high-manganese steel (HMS) coatings were prepared by laser wire feeding cladding technology. Pre-hardening was carried out to improve the work hardening ability of HMS coatings under low load conditions. The effects of ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP) technology on the surface morphology, residual stress, microhardness and wear properties of the HMS coatings were investigated. The results show that at 100 N, the USRP not only reduces the surface roughness of the coatings, but also increases the residual compressive stress and the microhardness of the coatings, resulting in excellent wear resistance of the surfaces. The surface microhardness increased from 240.98 HV_0.3 of untreated to 705.87 HV_0.3 under 300 N, resulting in a 192.92% improvement. Under 300 N, although the coating still has high residual stress and microhardness, localized stress concentration exceeds the yield limit of the coating to produce cracks, which directly leads to a decrease in the wear resistance. The tribology of the coatings was also investigated. Under 100 N, the primary wear mechanism is light abrasive wear, while it is dominated by delamination wear due to the presence of cracks under 300 N. The wear mechanism of untreated coating is dominated by adhesive wear.</p>