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<p>This study investigates the impact of sintering conditions at temperatures of 500, 700, 900, and 1200&#xa0;°C on the microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, and corrosion resistance of hydroxyapatite (HAp) pellets synthesized using a sol-gel method. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of functional groups characteristic of HAp, while x-ray Diffraction (XRD) revealed the development of crystalline HAp phases with increasing sintering temperature. Crystallite size first decreases from 49.26&#xa0;nm at 500&#xa0;°C to 47.64&#xa0;nm at 700&#xa0;°C and then increases significantly to 51.72&#xa0;nm at 900&#xa0;°C and 110.55&#xa0;nm at 1200&#xa0;°C respectively, as measured from the Williamson-Hall equation. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) showed morphological evolution with higher sintering temperatures, including increased grain size and densification. The hardness of the samples, as determined by Vickers microhardness testing, increased from 36.15 HV at 500&#xa0;°C to a maximum of 41.69 HV at 1200&#xa0;°C, indicating enhanced mechanical properties at higher sintering temperatures. Corrosion resistance, evaluated through electrochemical analysis in Ringer’s solution, showed superior performance at lower sintering temperatures, with the 500&#xa0;°C sample exhibiting the lowest corrosion current density of 20.70 µA/cm<sup>2</sup>. This study highlights the relationship between sintering temperature, microstructural evolution, and hardness and corrosion resistance of HAp, offering insights into optimizing these materials for biomedical applications.</p>

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Effects of Sintering Temperature on the Microstructure, Microhardness, and Corrosion Resistance of Hydroxyapatite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月18日

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  • Divya Rai,
  • Anuradha Mahanty,
  • Ranbir Kumar,
  • Deep Shikha,
  • Smit Anand,
  • Sanjay Kumar Sinha

摘要

This study investigates the impact of sintering conditions at temperatures of 500, 700, 900, and 1200 °C on the microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, and corrosion resistance of hydroxyapatite (HAp) pellets synthesized using a sol-gel method. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of functional groups characteristic of HAp, while x-ray Diffraction (XRD) revealed the development of crystalline HAp phases with increasing sintering temperature. Crystallite size first decreases from 49.26 nm at 500 °C to 47.64 nm at 700 °C and then increases significantly to 51.72 nm at 900 °C and 110.55 nm at 1200 °C respectively, as measured from the Williamson-Hall equation. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) showed morphological evolution with higher sintering temperatures, including increased grain size and densification. The hardness of the samples, as determined by Vickers microhardness testing, increased from 36.15 HV at 500 °C to a maximum of 41.69 HV at 1200 °C, indicating enhanced mechanical properties at higher sintering temperatures. Corrosion resistance, evaluated through electrochemical analysis in Ringer’s solution, showed superior performance at lower sintering temperatures, with the 500 °C sample exhibiting the lowest corrosion current density of 20.70 µA/cm2. This study highlights the relationship between sintering temperature, microstructural evolution, and hardness and corrosion resistance of HAp, offering insights into optimizing these materials for biomedical applications.