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<p>Laser sheet metal forming is a non-contact manufacturing technique with applications in point-of-need manufacturing. It is challenging to precisely control and predict the bending behavior, particularly during multi-pass forming, because of the poor understanding of the role of microstructure-dependent properties on bending behavior and their evolution during the forming process. In this work, both large- and small-grained specimens of AISI 304 and AISI 330 austenitic stainless steels were laser formed using equivalent laser heating cycles. Additionally, specimens in different material directions in the plane of the sheet (rolling direction and transverse direction) were tested. Analysis of the final bend angles showed that a finer grain size impeded bending and textured specimens exhibited anisotropic bending behavior. The post-forming microstructures were characterized by electron backscatter diffraction, which revealed distinct microstructural regions, including evidence of strain hardening and recrystallization. Understanding the dominant processes of each microstructural region will contribute to improved control of the laser forming process.</p>

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Laser Bending Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels and Characterization of the Resultant Microstructures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月13日

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  • Tianchen Wei,
  • Nathan Fripp,
  • Benjamin Anthony,
  • Benjamin A. Begley,
  • Victoria M. Miller

摘要

Laser sheet metal forming is a non-contact manufacturing technique with applications in point-of-need manufacturing. It is challenging to precisely control and predict the bending behavior, particularly during multi-pass forming, because of the poor understanding of the role of microstructure-dependent properties on bending behavior and their evolution during the forming process. In this work, both large- and small-grained specimens of AISI 304 and AISI 330 austenitic stainless steels were laser formed using equivalent laser heating cycles. Additionally, specimens in different material directions in the plane of the sheet (rolling direction and transverse direction) were tested. Analysis of the final bend angles showed that a finer grain size impeded bending and textured specimens exhibited anisotropic bending behavior. The post-forming microstructures were characterized by electron backscatter diffraction, which revealed distinct microstructural regions, including evidence of strain hardening and recrystallization. Understanding the dominant processes of each microstructural region will contribute to improved control of the laser forming process.