<p>Wear and microbiologically influenced corrosion are among the primary failure modes of oil and gas storage and transportation facilities. In order to enhance the wear resistance and microbial corrosion resistance of these facilities, laser cladding technology was employed to prepare Ni45/Cu and Ni45/nickel-coated copper (NCC) coatings with different energy densities on the surface of Q235 steel. This study analyzed the microstructure, microhardness, tribological properties, and antibacterial effects of Ni45/Cu and Ni45/NCC coatings under different energy densities. The experimental results indicate that the Ni45/NCC coating exhibits better formability quality compared to the Ni45/Cu coating. With increasing laser energy density, both coatings show a phenomenon of initially reducing and then enlarging grain size. During the laser cladding process, FeNi3, γ-Ni, NiCu solid solution, and CrxCy hard phases were formed in the coatings, which positively impacted the improvement of the coatings' microhardness, leading to a significant increase compared to the base material. Furthermore, the friction coefficients and wear rates of both coatings at different energy densities show significant improvements compared to the base material. The main wear mechanisms for the Ni45/Cu coating are abrasive and adhesive wear, while for the Ni45/NCC coating, they are abrasive and fatigue wear. Lastly, the bacterial colony counts grown on the surfaces of both coatings are significantly reduced compared to the base material due to the antibacterial effects of copper and copper-containing alloys. The NiCu solid solution generated in the coatings can effectively inhibit bacterial proliferation. Through comprehensive comparison, it is evident that the Ni45/NCC coating outperforms the Ni45/Cu coating in terms of formability quality, microhardness, friction reduction, wear resistance, and antibacterial effects. Particularly, the enhancement of these properties is most significant at a laser energy density of 9&#xa0;kJ/cm².</p>