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<p>This paper presents a bilayer resistive ink-based polarization-insensitive (PI), ultra-wideband electromagnetic (EM) wave absorber with wide angular stability (AS). The work aims to develop a high-performance ultra-wideband absorber by leveraging the lossy nature of printed resistive ink surfaces. The proposed absorber design achieves 90% absorption bandwidth of 20.45&#xa0;GHz (6.45–26.9&#xa0;GHz) having fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 122.4% and 95% absorption in two bands, 6.05&#xa0;GHz (7.35–13.4&#xa0;GHz) and 10.3&#xa0;GHz (15.2–25.5&#xa0;GHz). The absorber demonstrates good PI along with wide AS ≥ 65<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^\circ\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. These significant achievements are obtained using symmetric design structure with minimum air gaps. The proposed frequency selective surface (FSS) absorber is designed on two identical lossy FR-4 substrates with a relative permittivity of <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varepsilon_{{\text{r}}} = 4.4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mtext>r</mtext> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4.4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, a loss tangent of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\text{tan}}\delta = 0.02\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mtext>tan</mtext> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.02</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and a thickness of 0.2&#xa0;mm each. The multilayer technique is implemented to achieve ultra-wideband absorption, good PI and AS, which made it suitable for stealth technology applications in the C, X, Ku, and K bands. The simulated results are verified mathematically using equivalent circuit modeling (ECM) and validated experimentally after measuring the fabricated prototype.</p>

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Ultra-wideband FSS Absorber with Superior Performance Based on Printed Resistive Ink Architecture and Equivalent Circuit Modeling for EMI Mitigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Shougaijam Chinglemba Singh,
  • Kalyan Mondal,
  • Lourembam Lolit Kumar Singh,
  • Surajit Kundu

摘要

This paper presents a bilayer resistive ink-based polarization-insensitive (PI), ultra-wideband electromagnetic (EM) wave absorber with wide angular stability (AS). The work aims to develop a high-performance ultra-wideband absorber by leveraging the lossy nature of printed resistive ink surfaces. The proposed absorber design achieves 90% absorption bandwidth of 20.45 GHz (6.45–26.9 GHz) having fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 122.4% and 95% absorption in two bands, 6.05 GHz (7.35–13.4 GHz) and 10.3 GHz (15.2–25.5 GHz). The absorber demonstrates good PI along with wide AS ≥ 65 \(^\circ\) ∘ . These significant achievements are obtained using symmetric design structure with minimum air gaps. The proposed frequency selective surface (FSS) absorber is designed on two identical lossy FR-4 substrates with a relative permittivity of \(\varepsilon_{{\text{r}}} = 4.4\) ε r = 4.4 , a loss tangent of \({\text{tan}}\delta = 0.02\) tan δ = 0.02 , and a thickness of 0.2 mm each. The multilayer technique is implemented to achieve ultra-wideband absorption, good PI and AS, which made it suitable for stealth technology applications in the C, X, Ku, and K bands. The simulated results are verified mathematically using equivalent circuit modeling (ECM) and validated experimentally after measuring the fabricated prototype.