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<p>Since 1976, CEA-LETI has played a pivotal role in the development of second-generation cooled imaging focal plane array (FPA) technology. Initially, the focus was on II-VI HgCdTe arrays, which led to the establishment of Sofradir, now known as Lynred. In addition, III-V material systems have been investigated over time, including for instance InSb for mid-wave infrared (IR) with Safran. Later, the development of bulk InAsSb with III-V Lab and Lynred was initiated for high-operating- temperature (HOT) blue mid-wave applications. Currently, type-II superlattice (T2SL) development for HOT mid-wave is under active investigation, as well as InGaAs for short-wave IR with STmicro. Alongside these developments in III-V technology, significant advancements have been made in II-VI technology. These include very low-dark-current short-wave large arrays for astronomy, enhanced manufacturability and high image quality for HOT mid-wave and long-wave IR, and the actual development of very long-wave IR for space applications. Our laboratory has been involved in those wide-ranging developments, enabling us to provide a balanced assessment of the pros and cons of each technology, targeting various applications and spectral bands. This paper will provide an update on the latest developments at LETI in collaboration with industry partners. In this context, the ability to thoroughly understand the material properties, accurately assess the fabrication process, and utilize advanced characterization techniques is essential for evaluating the performance achieved. We are therefore studying not only first-order figures of merit (quantum efficiency, dark current, etc.), but also second-order performance metrics (non-uniformity correction stability, low-frequency noise, pixel modulation transfer function, persistence).</p>

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Status of IR Imaging Detector Developments at LETI

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • O. Gravrand,
  • F. Rochette,
  • N. Baier,
  • T. LeGoff,
  • C. Lobre,
  • T. Pichon,
  • C. Cervera,
  • Q. Durlin,
  • A. Claret,
  • N. Père Laperne,
  • A. Evirgen,
  • Gabin Gregoire,
  • J. L. Reverchon,
  • V. Goiffon,
  • L. Rubaldo

摘要

Since 1976, CEA-LETI has played a pivotal role in the development of second-generation cooled imaging focal plane array (FPA) technology. Initially, the focus was on II-VI HgCdTe arrays, which led to the establishment of Sofradir, now known as Lynred. In addition, III-V material systems have been investigated over time, including for instance InSb for mid-wave infrared (IR) with Safran. Later, the development of bulk InAsSb with III-V Lab and Lynred was initiated for high-operating- temperature (HOT) blue mid-wave applications. Currently, type-II superlattice (T2SL) development for HOT mid-wave is under active investigation, as well as InGaAs for short-wave IR with STmicro. Alongside these developments in III-V technology, significant advancements have been made in II-VI technology. These include very low-dark-current short-wave large arrays for astronomy, enhanced manufacturability and high image quality for HOT mid-wave and long-wave IR, and the actual development of very long-wave IR for space applications. Our laboratory has been involved in those wide-ranging developments, enabling us to provide a balanced assessment of the pros and cons of each technology, targeting various applications and spectral bands. This paper will provide an update on the latest developments at LETI in collaboration with industry partners. In this context, the ability to thoroughly understand the material properties, accurately assess the fabrication process, and utilize advanced characterization techniques is essential for evaluating the performance achieved. We are therefore studying not only first-order figures of merit (quantum efficiency, dark current, etc.), but also second-order performance metrics (non-uniformity correction stability, low-frequency noise, pixel modulation transfer function, persistence).