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<p>The increasing discharge of synthetic dyes and pathogenic microorganisms into aquatic environments presents significant environmental and public health challenges, necessitating the development of sustainable and multifunctional treatment materials. In this study, an acid-functionalized biocarbon (AF-BC)-supported CeO<sub>2</sub>/Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ternary nanocomposite was successfully developed as an efficient dual-functional material for photocatalytic wastewater treatment and antibacterial applications. The integration of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and conductive biocarbon markedly improved light absorption, promoted charge separation, and accelerated interfacial electron transport. The AF-BC/CeO<sub>2</sub>/Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ternary composite demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic activity under natural sunlight, with 96% degradation of methylene blue and 93% degradation of crystal violet in 90&#xa0;min, with apparent rate constants of 0.0254&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup> and 0.0218&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The material exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones reaching 12–13&#xa0;mm against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Bacillus cereus</i>. The improved performance is due to the synergistic effects of greater adsorption, heterojunction-induced charge separation, and effective production of reactive oxygen species. Overall, this work demonstrates that AF-BC-supported CeO<sub>2</sub>-based nanocomposites are promising materials for integrated wastewater remediation involving both dye degradation and microbial inactivation.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Sustainable Design of Acid-Functionalized Biocarbon-Supported CeO2/Ga2O3 Nanocomposites with Dual Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • T. Sripriya,
  • Rajesh Kumar,
  • K. Suriya,
  • T. Gavaskar,
  • Veerraju Gampala,
  • S. Kumaran

摘要

The increasing discharge of synthetic dyes and pathogenic microorganisms into aquatic environments presents significant environmental and public health challenges, necessitating the development of sustainable and multifunctional treatment materials. In this study, an acid-functionalized biocarbon (AF-BC)-supported CeO2/Ga2O3 ternary nanocomposite was successfully developed as an efficient dual-functional material for photocatalytic wastewater treatment and antibacterial applications. The integration of Ga2O3 and conductive biocarbon markedly improved light absorption, promoted charge separation, and accelerated interfacial electron transport. The AF-BC/CeO2/Ga2O3 ternary composite demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic activity under natural sunlight, with 96% degradation of methylene blue and 93% degradation of crystal violet in 90 min, with apparent rate constants of 0.0254 min−1 and 0.0218 min−1, respectively. The material exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones reaching 12–13 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus. The improved performance is due to the synergistic effects of greater adsorption, heterojunction-induced charge separation, and effective production of reactive oxygen species. Overall, this work demonstrates that AF-BC-supported CeO2-based nanocomposites are promising materials for integrated wastewater remediation involving both dye degradation and microbial inactivation.

Graphical Abstract