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<p>Loofah sponges, traditionally grown in Asia for centuries, could be a sustainable and abundant source of carbon material for energy storage applications owing to their lignocellulosic fibrous structure. Herein, waste loofah sponges were transformed into activated carbon (LAC) for use as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. The capacitive performance of the LAC was further enhanced by hybridizing it with nanostructured copper oxide (Cu<sub>2</sub>O). A two-step process, involving the pyrolysis of copper-salt-soaked loofah sponge biomass and CO<sub>2</sub>-activation process, was carried out to prepare a Cu<sub>2</sub>O nanoparticle-anchored activated-LAC composite (Cu<sub>2</sub>O@LAC). The as-prepared activated Cu<sub>2</sub>O@LAC composite possesses a high specific surface area of 1757.63&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> with a large fraction of mesopores, which allows large molecules or ions to easily diffuse through the material to reach active Cu<sub>2</sub>O sites, enhancing its capacitance with improved rate performance. The Cu<sub>2</sub>O@LAC electrode achieved a high gravimetric specific capacitance of up to 520&#xa0;F&#xa0;g<sup>− 1</sup> at 0.2&#xa0;A&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>, along with excellent capacitance retention of 91.7% after 10,000 cycles. This composite electrode material ensures appreciable rate capability of 63.5% capacitance retention. An aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device was fabricated with LAC and Cu<sub>2</sub>O@LAC electrodes, achieving a significantly high energy density (ED) of 54.65&#xa0;Wh&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density (PD) of 400&#xa0;W&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>. Hence, this biomass-derived carbon composites exhibit promising potential for supercapacitor (SC) applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Copper-Oxide Nanoparticle-Decorated Loofah-Derived Porous Carbon for High-Performance Asymmetrical Supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Jyoti Singh,
  • Baban Dey,
  • Md. Wasi Ahmad,
  • Mahmood D. Aljabri,
  • Roaa A. Tayeb,
  • Shaukat Khan,
  • Chandra N. Patra,
  • Mohammed Muzibur Rahman,
  • Arup Choudhury

摘要

Loofah sponges, traditionally grown in Asia for centuries, could be a sustainable and abundant source of carbon material for energy storage applications owing to their lignocellulosic fibrous structure. Herein, waste loofah sponges were transformed into activated carbon (LAC) for use as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. The capacitive performance of the LAC was further enhanced by hybridizing it with nanostructured copper oxide (Cu2O). A two-step process, involving the pyrolysis of copper-salt-soaked loofah sponge biomass and CO2-activation process, was carried out to prepare a Cu2O nanoparticle-anchored activated-LAC composite (Cu2O@LAC). The as-prepared activated Cu2O@LAC composite possesses a high specific surface area of 1757.63 m2 g−1 with a large fraction of mesopores, which allows large molecules or ions to easily diffuse through the material to reach active Cu2O sites, enhancing its capacitance with improved rate performance. The Cu2O@LAC electrode achieved a high gravimetric specific capacitance of up to 520 F g− 1 at 0.2 A g−1, along with excellent capacitance retention of 91.7% after 10,000 cycles. This composite electrode material ensures appreciable rate capability of 63.5% capacitance retention. An aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device was fabricated with LAC and Cu2O@LAC electrodes, achieving a significantly high energy density (ED) of 54.65 Wh kg−1 at a power density (PD) of 400 W kg−1. Hence, this biomass-derived carbon composites exhibit promising potential for supercapacitor (SC) applications.

Graphical Abstract