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<p>Zinc oxide/graphene oxide (~9&#xa0;wt.% GO) nanocomposites were hydrothermally synthesized at 80–140°C for 5–20&#xa0;h to evaluate the influence of processing conditions on their structural and optical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Williamson–Hall analysis, combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy, confirmed the formation of ZnO/GO nanocomposites. The results showed that higher synthesis temperatures and longer times enlarged ZnO crystallites (from about 10&#xa0;nm to 89&#xa0;nm) with reductions in both microstrain and dislocation density, indicating an effective defect annealing and improved crystallinity. The incorporation of GO limited crystal growth and introduced slight lattice strain, as evidenced by characteristic ZnO phonon defect-induced shifts and reduced crystal sizes. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption showed bandgap narrowing from 3.68&#xa0;eV to 3.11&#xa0;eV owing to crystal growth and partial GO reduction. Photoluminescence spectra, deconvoluted into multiple emission components, revealed a tunable shift from defect-dominated red/far-red emissions at lower synthesis conditions to near-band-edge UV emission at higher temperatures. Interfacial charge transfer to GO quenched overall emission intensity, and the CIE-1931 chromaticity coordinates shifted from deep orange-red (0.45, 0.42) to near-white (0.37, 0.37) under various conditions.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Influence of Hydrothermal Synthesis Conditions on Structural and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide/Graphene Oxide (ZnO/GO) Nanocomposites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月10日

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  • Tien-Dat Thai,
  • Do Thi Duyen,
  • Tran Van Khai

摘要

Zinc oxide/graphene oxide (~9 wt.% GO) nanocomposites were hydrothermally synthesized at 80–140°C for 5–20 h to evaluate the influence of processing conditions on their structural and optical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Williamson–Hall analysis, combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy, confirmed the formation of ZnO/GO nanocomposites. The results showed that higher synthesis temperatures and longer times enlarged ZnO crystallites (from about 10 nm to 89 nm) with reductions in both microstrain and dislocation density, indicating an effective defect annealing and improved crystallinity. The incorporation of GO limited crystal growth and introduced slight lattice strain, as evidenced by characteristic ZnO phonon defect-induced shifts and reduced crystal sizes. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption showed bandgap narrowing from 3.68 eV to 3.11 eV owing to crystal growth and partial GO reduction. Photoluminescence spectra, deconvoluted into multiple emission components, revealed a tunable shift from defect-dominated red/far-red emissions at lower synthesis conditions to near-band-edge UV emission at higher temperatures. Interfacial charge transfer to GO quenched overall emission intensity, and the CIE-1931 chromaticity coordinates shifted from deep orange-red (0.45, 0.42) to near-white (0.37, 0.37) under various conditions.

Graphical Abstract