<p>The rapid rise in global energy consumption has led to an increase in environmental concerns and economic challenges associated with conventional fossil fuels. As a result, green energy technologies, particularly solar cells, have attracted significant research attention. However, traditional solar cells often utilize toxic or costly materials, prompting the need for eco-friendly alternatives. Organic solar cells (OSCs), renowned for their low cost, flexibility, and eco-friendly nature, face limitations in terms of output and stability. This research proposes a simplified OSC structure featuring an organic polymer as the active layer, graphene oxide (GO) as a dual interfacial buffer layer, and indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) as a transparent conductor, with a nanoscale design. A notable consideration is the use of a gold strip as a back contact to enhance transparency and reduce material usage. The proposed model improves upon an earlier studied model with its dual-graphene approach by simplifying the structure in terms of processing and analysis, offering excellent optical properties that align with the material PTB7:PC<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$_{71}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mn>71</mn> <mrow /> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>BM. The proposed model was analyzed using continuity and Poisson’s equations with the drift-diffusion method, employing the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D) solar cell analytical tool. This structure exhibits excellent photoelectronic properties, with output power conversion efficiency (PCE or <i>n</i>) of 20.03% and a fill factor (FF) of 77.13%. The proposed model possesses characteristics of stability, flexibility, and transparency, making it suitable for use at the application level. Performance analysis indicates enhanced photovoltaic parameters, including open-circuit voltage (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$V_{\text {oc}}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mtext>oc</mtext> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), short-circuit current density (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$J_{\text {sc}}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>J</mi> <mtext>sc</mtext> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), FF, and PCE, positioning this design as a promising step toward practical and sustainable OSC technology.</p>

Material Absorbance and Defect Impact on a Simplified Organic Solar Cell Structure using Graphene Oxide as a Dual Layer

期刊论文
发表日期：

2026年4月2日

查看全文

Md Irfan Hussain Sikder,
Md. Mahbub Hossain,
Md. Shamim Ahsan,
Bikash Nakarmi,
Ik-Bu Sohn,
Hun-Kook Choi

摘要

The rapid rise in global energy consumption has led to an increase in environmental concerns and economic challenges associated with conventional fossil fuels. As a result, green energy technologies, particularly solar cells, have attracted significant research attention. However, traditional solar cells often utilize toxic or costly materials, prompting the need for eco-friendly alternatives. Organic solar cells (OSCs), renowned for their low cost, flexibility, and eco-friendly nature, face limitations in terms of output and stability. This research proposes a simplified OSC structure featuring an organic polymer as the active layer, graphene oxide (GO) as a dual interfacial buffer layer, and indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) as a transparent conductor, with a nanoscale design. A notable consideration is the use of a gold strip as a back contact to enhance transparency and reduce material usage. The proposed model improves upon an earlier studied model with its dual-graphene approach by simplifying the structure in terms of processing and analysis, offering excellent optical properties that align with the material PTB7:PC $_{71}$ $_{71}$ BM. The proposed model was analyzed using continuity and Poisson’s equations with the drift-diffusion method, employing the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D) solar cell analytical tool. This structure exhibits excellent photoelectronic properties, with output power conversion efficiency (PCE or n) of 20.03% and a fill factor (FF) of 77.13%. The proposed model possesses characteristics of stability, flexibility, and transparency, making it suitable for use at the application level. Performance analysis indicates enhanced photovoltaic parameters, including open-circuit voltage ( $V_{\text {oc}}$ $V_{oc}$ ), short-circuit current density ( $J_{\text {sc}}$ $J_{sc}$ ), FF, and PCE, positioning this design as a promising step toward practical and sustainable OSC technology.