Reducing Trap States to Boost Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells: The Role of the Third Material
摘要
The density of trap states at the donor–acceptor interface increases charge recombination, limiting the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs). Ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) overcome this issue by incorporating a third material to modify the interfacial energetics. Prior studies have predominantly focused on complex organic semiconductors as third materials to mitigate interface recombination. In contrast, boron-based compounds have emerged as promising materials owing to their structural versatility, tunable optoelectronic properties, and simple fabrication. In this work, we introduce an easily synthesized boron-based small molecule as a practical third component in a PTB7-Th:PC71BM bulk heterojunction system. Trap density-of-states revealed that including the boron compound in the TOSCs suppresses the density of deep interface trap states, while maintaining bulk trap densities. Consequently, this interface-defect passivation enhances the solar cell’s fill factor. Numerical simulations of the recombination rate corroborated the reduced charge-carrier recombination losses.