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<p>Continuous, painless glucose monitoring is a critical need for over 422 million people living with diabetes worldwide. As a result, non-invasive and conventional approaches to glucose monitoring are increasingly sought after compared to other microanalytical diagnostic tools. Additionally, blood glucose detection can be replaced by continuous glucose monitoring of other human biological fluids (sweat) collected by non-invasive means. In particular, the detection of blood glucose can be replaced by continuous monitoring through alternative, non-invasive methods that collect human biological fluids, such as sweat. This study developed an electrochemical non-enzymatic sensor using a composite of NiFe Prussian blue analogue [NiFe(PBA)] and a novel class of two-dimensional materials, transition metal carbides known as MXenes. Specifically, Mo<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene nanoflakes were employed to tailor the electroanalytical behaviour of the sensor for continuous glucose detection in sweat. Electrochemical studies, including cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry, were conducted to evaluate the sensor’s performance. The large specific surface area of the NiFe(PBA) nanocubes, combined with the superior electrical conductivity of Mo<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene, enabled the development of a high-performance non-enzymatic glucose biosensor. The sensor exhibited enhanced sensitivity of 993.28 μA mM<sup>−1</sup>&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup> and a low limit of detection (LOD ≈ 1.2&#xa0;μM), meeting the requirements for effective glucose monitoring in human sweat.</p>

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NiFe(PBA) Nanocube-Decorated Mo3C2Tx Nanosheets as a Highly Selective and Sensitive Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor for Glucose Detection in Human Sweat

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Arrthi Ravitchandiran,
  • Senthilkumar Ramasamy,
  • Saradh Prasad Rajendra,
  • Seung Jun Lee,
  • Subramania Angaiah

摘要

Continuous, painless glucose monitoring is a critical need for over 422 million people living with diabetes worldwide. As a result, non-invasive and conventional approaches to glucose monitoring are increasingly sought after compared to other microanalytical diagnostic tools. Additionally, blood glucose detection can be replaced by continuous glucose monitoring of other human biological fluids (sweat) collected by non-invasive means. In particular, the detection of blood glucose can be replaced by continuous monitoring through alternative, non-invasive methods that collect human biological fluids, such as sweat. This study developed an electrochemical non-enzymatic sensor using a composite of NiFe Prussian blue analogue [NiFe(PBA)] and a novel class of two-dimensional materials, transition metal carbides known as MXenes. Specifically, Mo3C2Tx MXene nanoflakes were employed to tailor the electroanalytical behaviour of the sensor for continuous glucose detection in sweat. Electrochemical studies, including cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry, were conducted to evaluate the sensor’s performance. The large specific surface area of the NiFe(PBA) nanocubes, combined with the superior electrical conductivity of Mo3C2Tx MXene, enabled the development of a high-performance non-enzymatic glucose biosensor. The sensor exhibited enhanced sensitivity of 993.28 μA mM−1 cm−2 and a low limit of detection (LOD ≈ 1.2 μM), meeting the requirements for effective glucose monitoring in human sweat.