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<p>This work reports the pure matrix (CeO<sub>2</sub>) and synthesis of Ce<sub>(1−(x+y))</sub>Gd<sub>x</sub>Cu<sub>y</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (x = 0.02, y = 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06) nanopowders using the solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed a cubic crystalline phase, with crystallite sizes decreasing from 39.03&#xa0;nm to 25.76&#xa0;nm as doping levels increased. Correlations between Gd and Cu doping and lattice expansion were found; lattice parameters increased from 5.427&#xa0;Å to 5.462&#xa0;Å. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) verified the expected stoichiometry of O, Ce, Gd, and Cu. Optical studies demonstrated a progressive increase in bandgap energy, ranging from 2.734&#xa0;eV to 3.143&#xa0;eV. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra, recorded under 315&#xa0;nm excitation, exhibited broad emissions in the indigo, green, orange, and red regions, spanning a wavelength range of 325–580&#xa0;nm. Magnetic properties, characterized using vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), indicated weak ferromagnetism, with magnetic moments ranging from 0.00261&#xa0;emu/g to 0.00347&#xa0;emu/g and coercive fields between 122.41 Oe and 120.50 Oe. This study systematically examines and presents the structural, optical, and magnetic alterations induced by Gd-Cu co-doping.</p>

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Impact of Gd-Cu Co-Doping on the Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Characteristics of CeO2 Nanopowders Synthesized by Solid-State Reaction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • G. Chinna Venkata Subbaiah,
  • Nasina Madhusudhana Rao,
  • Nakka Praveenkumar

摘要

This work reports the pure matrix (CeO2) and synthesis of Ce(1−(x+y))GdxCuyO2 (x = 0.02, y = 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06) nanopowders using the solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed a cubic crystalline phase, with crystallite sizes decreasing from 39.03 nm to 25.76 nm as doping levels increased. Correlations between Gd and Cu doping and lattice expansion were found; lattice parameters increased from 5.427 Å to 5.462 Å. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) verified the expected stoichiometry of O, Ce, Gd, and Cu. Optical studies demonstrated a progressive increase in bandgap energy, ranging from 2.734 eV to 3.143 eV. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra, recorded under 315 nm excitation, exhibited broad emissions in the indigo, green, orange, and red regions, spanning a wavelength range of 325–580 nm. Magnetic properties, characterized using vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), indicated weak ferromagnetism, with magnetic moments ranging from 0.00261 emu/g to 0.00347 emu/g and coercive fields between 122.41 Oe and 120.50 Oe. This study systematically examines and presents the structural, optical, and magnetic alterations induced by Gd-Cu co-doping.