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<p>The increasing global demand for sustainable materials has led to the exploration of solar waste recycling as a viable solution for polymer-based composite applications. In this study, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), which was recovered from end-of-life (EoL) solar panel waste using a green method, was then reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to develop high-performance EVA/MWCNT nanocomposite films. The EVA nanocomposite films were prepared via a solution mixing and evaporation technique, adding 0.1&#xa0;wt.% and 0.5&#xa0;wt.% of MWCNTs, and the mechanical properties of these nanocomposite films were studied. The results indicate a significant enhancement in the mechanical performance of the 0.1&#xa0;wt.% MWCNT-loaded EVA nanocomposite film, including 76% enhancement in ultimate tensile strength (2.46&#xa0;MPa ± 0.012&#xa0;MPa), 92% enhancement in Young’s modulus (0.71&#xa0;MPa  ± 0.16&#xa0;MPa), and 24% enhancement in yield strength (1.69&#xa0;MPa ± 0.015&#xa0;MPa) compared to neat, recycled EVA film (tensile strength: 1.40&#xa0;MPa ± 0.017&#xa0;MPa; Young’s modulus: 0.37&#xa0;MPa ± 0.011&#xa0;MPa; yield strength: 1.36&#xa0;MPa ± 0.070&#xa0;MPa; toughness: 0.73&#xa0;J/m<sup>3</sup> ± 0.158&#xa0;J/m<sup>3</sup>). Toughness was also improved in a similar manner. The improved mechanical performance is attributed to the effective stress transfer mechanism which is enabled by the dispersion of MWCNTs within the EVA matrix. This study demonstrates the feasibility of upcycling solar panel waste into high-value, mechanically robust nanocomposites, offering potential applications in lightweight structural materials, flexible electronics, and sustainable energy storage systems. This research provides a promising pathway for circular economy solutions, reducing polymer waste while improving the mechanical integrity of recycled materials.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Solar Waste Recycled EVA/MWCNT Nanocomposite Films

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • Shivraj Singh,
  • Devang Shukla,
  • Akshita Chandel,
  • Richa Kasana,
  • Lekhanshu Singh,
  • Avanish Pratap Singh,
  • Sunil Kumar,
  • Vijay Kumar,
  • S. P. Singh,
  • Ravi Kant Choubey,
  • Tejendra K. Gupta,
  • Sidhharth Sirohi

摘要

The increasing global demand for sustainable materials has led to the exploration of solar waste recycling as a viable solution for polymer-based composite applications. In this study, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), which was recovered from end-of-life (EoL) solar panel waste using a green method, was then reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to develop high-performance EVA/MWCNT nanocomposite films. The EVA nanocomposite films were prepared via a solution mixing and evaporation technique, adding 0.1 wt.% and 0.5 wt.% of MWCNTs, and the mechanical properties of these nanocomposite films were studied. The results indicate a significant enhancement in the mechanical performance of the 0.1 wt.% MWCNT-loaded EVA nanocomposite film, including 76% enhancement in ultimate tensile strength (2.46 MPa ± 0.012 MPa), 92% enhancement in Young’s modulus (0.71 MPa  ± 0.16 MPa), and 24% enhancement in yield strength (1.69 MPa ± 0.015 MPa) compared to neat, recycled EVA film (tensile strength: 1.40 MPa ± 0.017 MPa; Young’s modulus: 0.37 MPa ± 0.011 MPa; yield strength: 1.36 MPa ± 0.070 MPa; toughness: 0.73 J/m3 ± 0.158 J/m3). Toughness was also improved in a similar manner. The improved mechanical performance is attributed to the effective stress transfer mechanism which is enabled by the dispersion of MWCNTs within the EVA matrix. This study demonstrates the feasibility of upcycling solar panel waste into high-value, mechanically robust nanocomposites, offering potential applications in lightweight structural materials, flexible electronics, and sustainable energy storage systems. This research provides a promising pathway for circular economy solutions, reducing polymer waste while improving the mechanical integrity of recycled materials.

Graphical Abstract