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<p>Biological and green synthesis of nanomaterials is a better alternative than chemical and physical procedures because of the nanoscale properties included in a green chemistry matrix. Their potential applications in a variety of fields have garnered significant interest. Green synthesis reduces the usage of traditionally harsh synthetic procedures, which is in keeping with the global push for environmentally friendly methods that reduce pollutants. This paper examines the growing significance of ecologically friendly, green technology-produced ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles. The undoped ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nano-powders were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy. Our morphological investigations showed that when the concentration of Mn in ZnO was increased to 1%, 3%, and 5%, a larger aggregation of nanoparticles could be seen along with an increase in mean particle size varying from 9.56&#xa0;nm. In the current investigation, ZnO nanoparticles with 5% Mn dopant exhibited superior responsiveness to UV light in comparison to the other samples. The main explanation can be the modification of the electrical structure of ZnO nanoparticles by doping of Mn ions into the lattice. By adjusting dye concentration, catalyst quantity, and pH, the efficient photocatalytic activity of nano-ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO achieved 93% and 95% decoloration of water pollutant Rhodamine B (RhB) dye using UV light. This work suggests that nano-Mn-doped zinc oxide photocatalysts could remove dyes more effectively than pure zinc oxide. This improved photocatalytic activity was ascribed to the effective charge carrier separation in doped materials.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Green Synthesis of Mn-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic Activities for Rhodamine B Dye Degradation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月17日

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  • Ramanathan Govindarajan,
  • Srinivasan Arunsankar Narayanan,
  • Murali Ramakrishna

摘要

Biological and green synthesis of nanomaterials is a better alternative than chemical and physical procedures because of the nanoscale properties included in a green chemistry matrix. Their potential applications in a variety of fields have garnered significant interest. Green synthesis reduces the usage of traditionally harsh synthetic procedures, which is in keeping with the global push for environmentally friendly methods that reduce pollutants. This paper examines the growing significance of ecologically friendly, green technology-produced ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles. The undoped ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nano-powders were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy. Our morphological investigations showed that when the concentration of Mn in ZnO was increased to 1%, 3%, and 5%, a larger aggregation of nanoparticles could be seen along with an increase in mean particle size varying from 9.56 nm. In the current investigation, ZnO nanoparticles with 5% Mn dopant exhibited superior responsiveness to UV light in comparison to the other samples. The main explanation can be the modification of the electrical structure of ZnO nanoparticles by doping of Mn ions into the lattice. By adjusting dye concentration, catalyst quantity, and pH, the efficient photocatalytic activity of nano-ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO achieved 93% and 95% decoloration of water pollutant Rhodamine B (RhB) dye using UV light. This work suggests that nano-Mn-doped zinc oxide photocatalysts could remove dyes more effectively than pure zinc oxide. This improved photocatalytic activity was ascribed to the effective charge carrier separation in doped materials.

Graphical Abstract