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<p>In this study, a hydrothermal method was employed to synthesize binary WO₃/graphene nanocomposites. The structural and optical characteristics of the synthesized nanocomposite were systematically analysed using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The SEM-EDX characterization confirmed the successful incorporation of graphene with WO₃, while EDX further confirmed the presence of the expected chemical elements. The photocatalytic performance of the WO₃/graphene nanocomposite was evaluated for the degradation of acid blue 113 (AB 113) and malachite green (MG) dyes under direct sunlight irradiation. The optimization of key operational parameters, including catalyst dosage, pH, pollutant concentration, and electrolyte effects, was systematically studied to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency. The results demonstrated 93% degradation of AB 113 within 120&#xa0;min and 92% degradation of MG within 180&#xa0;min, highlighting the superior photocatalytic activity of WO₃/graphene. These findings suggest that the synthesized WO₃/graphene nanocomposite holds great potential for the efficient removal of organic pollutants from industrial wastewater, making it a promising material for sustainable environmental remediation applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Fabrication of WO3/Graphene Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green and Acid Blue 113 Dyes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月19日

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  • S. Arulmurugan,
  • Helen P. Kavitha,
  • Jasmine P. Vennila,
  • S. Sathishkumar,
  • S. Nirmaladevi

摘要

In this study, a hydrothermal method was employed to synthesize binary WO₃/graphene nanocomposites. The structural and optical characteristics of the synthesized nanocomposite were systematically analysed using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The SEM-EDX characterization confirmed the successful incorporation of graphene with WO₃, while EDX further confirmed the presence of the expected chemical elements. The photocatalytic performance of the WO₃/graphene nanocomposite was evaluated for the degradation of acid blue 113 (AB 113) and malachite green (MG) dyes under direct sunlight irradiation. The optimization of key operational parameters, including catalyst dosage, pH, pollutant concentration, and electrolyte effects, was systematically studied to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency. The results demonstrated 93% degradation of AB 113 within 120 min and 92% degradation of MG within 180 min, highlighting the superior photocatalytic activity of WO₃/graphene. These findings suggest that the synthesized WO₃/graphene nanocomposite holds great potential for the efficient removal of organic pollutants from industrial wastewater, making it a promising material for sustainable environmental remediation applications.

Graphical Abstract