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<p>High-areal-energy density flexible supercapacitors are promising devices for energy storage, to fulfill the growing demand for portable and wearable electronic equipment. However, because of the slower electron/ion diffusion kinetics in dense electrodes, the electrochemical performance of high-theoretical-capacitance MnO<sub>2</sub> is typically limited to low-mass-loading electrodes. Metal doping is presumably an efficient approach for enhancing the capacitive performance of transition metal oxides. This study reports the preparation of cadmium-doped MnO<sub>2</sub>@carbon cloth flexible electrodes through a typical hydrothermal reaction for powerful, flexible solid-state symmetric supercapacitors. The results show that metal-doped MnO<sub>2</sub> demonstrates better electrochemical performance than that of pure MnO<sub>2</sub>. Cd-doped MnO<sub>2</sub>@CC is an outstanding conductive backbone with an interconnected porous architecture, which leads to fast transport of electrons and ions while enhancing the application of active materials. Excellent performance, with 7.72 µWh/cm<sup>2</sup> energy density at 1133.33 µW/cm<sup>2</sup> and 94% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles, was shown by the flexible symmetric supercapacitor consisting of two binder-free electrodes, namely, Cd-doped MnO<sub>2</sub>@CC electrode as both the negative and positive electrodes, and PVA-KOH gel electrolyte. Two 2.2 V green and three 1.6 V red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were successfully illuminated by the device at the same time, indicating its high practical application value. This research is believed to provide a new path for the preparation of economic and flexible Cd-doped MnO<sub>2</sub>@CC electrodes with extremely high areal energy density and outstanding flexibility, highlighting their great potential for application in the rational design of high-energy portable and wearable devices for energy storage.</p>

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Boosting Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Cloth with Hydrothermal Deposition of Cadmium-Doped MnO2 Nanostructures: Binder-Free Electrodes for High-Performance Flexible Symmetric Supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月14日

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  • Mohamad Mohsen Momeni,
  • Sarina Salehi Nezhad,
  • Hossein Mohammadzadeh Aydisheh,
  • Byeong-Kyu Lee

摘要

High-areal-energy density flexible supercapacitors are promising devices for energy storage, to fulfill the growing demand for portable and wearable electronic equipment. However, because of the slower electron/ion diffusion kinetics in dense electrodes, the electrochemical performance of high-theoretical-capacitance MnO2 is typically limited to low-mass-loading electrodes. Metal doping is presumably an efficient approach for enhancing the capacitive performance of transition metal oxides. This study reports the preparation of cadmium-doped MnO2@carbon cloth flexible electrodes through a typical hydrothermal reaction for powerful, flexible solid-state symmetric supercapacitors. The results show that metal-doped MnO2 demonstrates better electrochemical performance than that of pure MnO2. Cd-doped MnO2@CC is an outstanding conductive backbone with an interconnected porous architecture, which leads to fast transport of electrons and ions while enhancing the application of active materials. Excellent performance, with 7.72 µWh/cm2 energy density at 1133.33 µW/cm2 and 94% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles, was shown by the flexible symmetric supercapacitor consisting of two binder-free electrodes, namely, Cd-doped MnO2@CC electrode as both the negative and positive electrodes, and PVA-KOH gel electrolyte. Two 2.2 V green and three 1.6 V red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were successfully illuminated by the device at the same time, indicating its high practical application value. This research is believed to provide a new path for the preparation of economic and flexible Cd-doped MnO2@CC electrodes with extremely high areal energy density and outstanding flexibility, highlighting their great potential for application in the rational design of high-energy portable and wearable devices for energy storage.