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<p>The improved supercapacitor performance of bismuth oxide/zinc oxide-incorporated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/ZnO:rGO-BZR) nanocomposites (NCs) in newly formulated potassium ferrocyanide-based electrolyte is reported here. BZR NCs were synthesized hydrothermally at 160° and their physicochemical characteristics were examined. The formation of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and ZnO crystalline phases with tetragonal and hexagonal structures, respectively, in BZR NCs was revealed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The presence of thin/transparent rGO nanosheets, Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanosheets, and ZnO nanoflowers was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analyses. The electrochemical characteristics were investigated through the development of working electrodes/devices with BZR NCs and tested in 1&#xa0;M potassium hydroxide (KOH) and 1&#xa0;M KOH with potassium ferrocyanide added (redox additive electrolyte [RAE]) electrolytes, respectively. The fabricated working electrode with BZR NCs demonstrated cyclic stability of 89.67% (5000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles) with specific capacitance of 2765 F g<sup>−1</sup> in RAE. Likewise, the fabricated BZR NC-loaded supercapacitors demonstrated maximum specific capacitance of 197.2 F g<sup>−1</sup>, with energy and power density of 34.20 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> and 1890 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, in RAE. The proposed BZR NC-based devices thus exhibit improved power and energy density with excellent cycle stability, a core benefit for long-term industrial usage.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Fusion of Bi2O3/ZnO:rGO Nanocomposites and Redox Additive Electrolyte for High-Energy-Density Supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月17日

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  • V. Shanmugapriya,
  • G. Hariharan,
  • B. Selvakumar,
  • S. Bharathi,
  • Arivarasan Ayyaswamy

摘要

The improved supercapacitor performance of bismuth oxide/zinc oxide-incorporated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (Bi2O3/ZnO:rGO-BZR) nanocomposites (NCs) in newly formulated potassium ferrocyanide-based electrolyte is reported here. BZR NCs were synthesized hydrothermally at 160° and their physicochemical characteristics were examined. The formation of Bi2O3 and ZnO crystalline phases with tetragonal and hexagonal structures, respectively, in BZR NCs was revealed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The presence of thin/transparent rGO nanosheets, Bi2O3 nanosheets, and ZnO nanoflowers was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analyses. The electrochemical characteristics were investigated through the development of working electrodes/devices with BZR NCs and tested in 1 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) and 1 M KOH with potassium ferrocyanide added (redox additive electrolyte [RAE]) electrolytes, respectively. The fabricated working electrode with BZR NCs demonstrated cyclic stability of 89.67% (5000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles) with specific capacitance of 2765 F g−1 in RAE. Likewise, the fabricated BZR NC-loaded supercapacitors demonstrated maximum specific capacitance of 197.2 F g−1, with energy and power density of 34.20 Wh kg−1 and 1890 W kg−1, respectively, in RAE. The proposed BZR NC-based devices thus exhibit improved power and energy density with excellent cycle stability, a core benefit for long-term industrial usage.

Graphical Abstract