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<p>The geometric asymmetry of the curved mold leads to significant differences in the thermo-mechanical behaviors between the inner and outer arcs of the continuously cast bloom. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) models are based on the plane stress assumption and neglect the arc effect of the copper mold tube. To address this critical issue, this work takes 36Mn2V steel as the research object and establishes a three-dimensional (3D) multi-interface thermo-mechanical coupling model between the bloom and the curved copper mold tube. The reliability of the 3D model was verified using measured data of breakout shell thickness and copper tube temperature reported in the literature. Based on this model, the heat transfer difference between the inner and outer arcs of the curved mold and the deformation behavior of bloom corners were systematically investigated. The results show that larger interfacial gaps and thicker mold flux layers form at the corners, which reduce the corner heat flux. The heat flux of the inner arc is lower than that of the outer arc. At the mold exit, the heat flux values at the wide face end, narrow face end, and corner center of the inner arc are 0.406, 0.390, and 0.329&#xa0;MW/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively, while those of the outer arc are 0.412, 0.391, and 0.331&#xa0;MW/m<sup>2</sup>. Air gaps form at the off-corner region of the inner arc wide face 0.34&#xa0;m below the meniscus, resulting in heat flux fluctuations. At the mold exit, the inner arc heat flux ranges from 0.663 to 0.797&#xa0;MW/m<sup>2</sup> over 120.15 to 150.19&#xa0;mm from the center. Reducing the inner corner radius of the mold aggravates the uneven cooling between the bloom corner and off-corner region, and this phenomenon is more pronounced on the inner arc side. Industrial tests verify the simulation results. Under different inner corner radii and cooling water flow rates, the average grain size at the outer arc corner of the bloom is always smaller than that at the inner arc, with a size difference ranging from 0.08 to 0.45&#xa0;mm. Decreasing the inner corner radius causes grain coarsening in the off-corner region and destroys the solidification uniformity of the corner area. When the inner corner radius decreases from 20 to 12&#xa0;mm, the maximum major axis and minor axis sizes of columnar grains increase by 1.06 and 0.63&#xa0;mm, respectively.</p>

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Investigation of Non-uniform Heat Transfer in Curved Mold Copper Tube in Continuous Casting of Alloyed Steel Bloom

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Wenyue Ba,
  • Weiling Wang,
  • Liang Liu,
  • Xiaoyu Xie,
  • Fengchuan Wang,
  • Miaoyong Zhu

摘要

The geometric asymmetry of the curved mold leads to significant differences in the thermo-mechanical behaviors between the inner and outer arcs of the continuously cast bloom. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) models are based on the plane stress assumption and neglect the arc effect of the copper mold tube. To address this critical issue, this work takes 36Mn2V steel as the research object and establishes a three-dimensional (3D) multi-interface thermo-mechanical coupling model between the bloom and the curved copper mold tube. The reliability of the 3D model was verified using measured data of breakout shell thickness and copper tube temperature reported in the literature. Based on this model, the heat transfer difference between the inner and outer arcs of the curved mold and the deformation behavior of bloom corners were systematically investigated. The results show that larger interfacial gaps and thicker mold flux layers form at the corners, which reduce the corner heat flux. The heat flux of the inner arc is lower than that of the outer arc. At the mold exit, the heat flux values at the wide face end, narrow face end, and corner center of the inner arc are 0.406, 0.390, and 0.329 MW/m2, respectively, while those of the outer arc are 0.412, 0.391, and 0.331 MW/m2. Air gaps form at the off-corner region of the inner arc wide face 0.34 m below the meniscus, resulting in heat flux fluctuations. At the mold exit, the inner arc heat flux ranges from 0.663 to 0.797 MW/m2 over 120.15 to 150.19 mm from the center. Reducing the inner corner radius of the mold aggravates the uneven cooling between the bloom corner and off-corner region, and this phenomenon is more pronounced on the inner arc side. Industrial tests verify the simulation results. Under different inner corner radii and cooling water flow rates, the average grain size at the outer arc corner of the bloom is always smaller than that at the inner arc, with a size difference ranging from 0.08 to 0.45 mm. Decreasing the inner corner radius causes grain coarsening in the off-corner region and destroys the solidification uniformity of the corner area. When the inner corner radius decreases from 20 to 12 mm, the maximum major axis and minor axis sizes of columnar grains increase by 1.06 and 0.63 mm, respectively.