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<p>To enhance the HAZ toughness of shipbuilding steel under high heat input welding (HHIW) of 400 kJ/cm through the oxide metallurgy technology, the influence of Zr content on the inclusions, microstructures, and impact toughness in Mg–Ca–Zr deoxidized steel is investigated in the present work. Two steels with Zr content of 0.008 and 0.035 wt&#xa0;pct (designated 80Zr and 350Zr, respectively) are used. The number densities of ZrO<sub>2</sub>–Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–(Mg,Mn)S and Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–(Mg,Mn)S inclusions in 80Zr steel are 18.6 and 7.5/<i>μ</i>m<sup>2</sup>, whereas they are virtually absent in 350Zr steel. Since these two kinds of inclusions can promote the formation of Mn-depleted zones (MDZs), 80Zr steel promotes extensive intragranular acicular ferrite (IAF) nucleation, achieving the area fraction of IAFs with 64.9&#xa0;pct and the high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) fraction of 60.4 pct. In contrast, 350Zr steel exhibits only 23.3 pct of IAF and 30.8 pct of HAGBs. The refined IAFs in HAZ of 80Zr steel impede crack propagation, resulting in a high average impact energy of 214 J at −&#xa0;40 °C, compared to only 6 J for 350Zr steel.</p>

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The Role of Zr Content in Inclusions and Microstructures to Improve HAZ Toughness in Mg–Ca–Zr Deoxidized Steels After HHIW

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Yanli Chen,
  • Jian Yang,
  • Yinhui Zhang,
  • Liang Wang,
  • Yuqi Zhang

摘要

To enhance the HAZ toughness of shipbuilding steel under high heat input welding (HHIW) of 400 kJ/cm through the oxide metallurgy technology, the influence of Zr content on the inclusions, microstructures, and impact toughness in Mg–Ca–Zr deoxidized steel is investigated in the present work. Two steels with Zr content of 0.008 and 0.035 wt pct (designated 80Zr and 350Zr, respectively) are used. The number densities of ZrO2–Ti2O3–(Mg,Mn)S and Ti2O3–(Mg,Mn)S inclusions in 80Zr steel are 18.6 and 7.5/μm2, whereas they are virtually absent in 350Zr steel. Since these two kinds of inclusions can promote the formation of Mn-depleted zones (MDZs), 80Zr steel promotes extensive intragranular acicular ferrite (IAF) nucleation, achieving the area fraction of IAFs with 64.9 pct and the high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) fraction of 60.4 pct. In contrast, 350Zr steel exhibits only 23.3 pct of IAF and 30.8 pct of HAGBs. The refined IAFs in HAZ of 80Zr steel impede crack propagation, resulting in a high average impact energy of 214 J at − 40 °C, compared to only 6 J for 350Zr steel.