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<p>Elektron 21 (EV31A) is a high-performance magnesium rare-earth alloy developed for aerospace, automotive, and biomedical applications. Friction stir welding is an innovative method to join magnesium alloys specifically EV31A. FSW was performed by varying the rotational speed from 650 to 1050&#xa0;rpm, keeping the Tapered Hexagon pin (TH), welding speed (30&#xa0;mm/min), and axial force (3&#xa0;kN) as constant. Followed by FSW, post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) at 200&#xa0;°C for 15&#xa0;minutes was applied. The highest tensile strength and hardness values were reported at 750&#xa0;rpm. The fractured samples showed a ductile mode of failure. Electrochemical corrosion results indicated a minimum corrosion rate of 0.1612&#xa0;mm/year for TH pin. A cytotoxicity test was conducted to assess the biocompatibility of EV31A. All samples treated with the MTT assay showed suitability for bioimplants, and the variations in the cell viability percentage attributed to the effects of drug concentrations. The research results provided important insights into effective tool pin profiles for efficient FSW of EV31A.</p>

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Influence of Welding Parameters and Post-Weld Heat Treatment on Mechanical, Corrosion and Biocompatibility Analysis of Friction Stir Welded Elektron 21 Alloy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月16日

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  • Pranesh Balan,
  • R. Sathiskumar,
  • Vaira Vignesh Ramalingam,
  • V. Srinivasan

摘要

Elektron 21 (EV31A) is a high-performance magnesium rare-earth alloy developed for aerospace, automotive, and biomedical applications. Friction stir welding is an innovative method to join magnesium alloys specifically EV31A. FSW was performed by varying the rotational speed from 650 to 1050 rpm, keeping the Tapered Hexagon pin (TH), welding speed (30 mm/min), and axial force (3 kN) as constant. Followed by FSW, post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) at 200 °C for 15 minutes was applied. The highest tensile strength and hardness values were reported at 750 rpm. The fractured samples showed a ductile mode of failure. Electrochemical corrosion results indicated a minimum corrosion rate of 0.1612 mm/year for TH pin. A cytotoxicity test was conducted to assess the biocompatibility of EV31A. All samples treated with the MTT assay showed suitability for bioimplants, and the variations in the cell viability percentage attributed to the effects of drug concentrations. The research results provided important insights into effective tool pin profiles for efficient FSW of EV31A.