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<p>The effect of CaO addition on lithium (Li) extraction and impurity behavior during the chlorination roasting process of spodumene was investigated at 1100&#xa0;°C under an argon (Ar) atmosphere. Through FactSage<sup>TM</sup> 8.1 computational predictions, we observed that β-spodumene (β–LiAlSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>) was gradually reduced to be anorthite (CaAl<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>) and liquid slag was formed with increasing CaO content. This calculation confirmed Li transfer to the liquid slag in the form of LiAlO<sub>2</sub> and Li<sub>2</sub>O phases. However, the efficiency of Li extraction decreased due to a significant reduction in SiO<sub>2</sub> activity and CaCl<sub>2</sub> activity, lowering the thermodynamic driving force of the chlorination roasting reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the chlorinated residue corroborated the presence of CaAl<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, β–LiAlSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, and wollastonite (CaSiO<sub>3</sub>), which was consistent with the predictions derived from phase diagrams. The chloride product was found to contain lithium chloride monohydrate (LiCl·H<sub>2</sub>O) with low impurity content as CaO addition increased, resulting in higher product purity (93–97 pct). Notably, an inverse relationship was observed between product purity and Li extraction efficiency. This work suggested that CaO may use as a fluxing agent to control impurities in the chloride product. Further research is needed to optimize Li recovery efficiency while minimizing impurity levels.</p>

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Lithium Extraction from CaO-Modified Spodumene Mineral via Chlorination Roasting Process

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月7日

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  • Jungho Heo,
  • Jaehong Shin,
  • Peter Tom Jones,
  • Bart Blanpain,
  • Muxing Guo

摘要

The effect of CaO addition on lithium (Li) extraction and impurity behavior during the chlorination roasting process of spodumene was investigated at 1100 °C under an argon (Ar) atmosphere. Through FactSageTM 8.1 computational predictions, we observed that β-spodumene (β–LiAlSi2O6) was gradually reduced to be anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) and liquid slag was formed with increasing CaO content. This calculation confirmed Li transfer to the liquid slag in the form of LiAlO2 and Li2O phases. However, the efficiency of Li extraction decreased due to a significant reduction in SiO2 activity and CaCl2 activity, lowering the thermodynamic driving force of the chlorination roasting reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the chlorinated residue corroborated the presence of CaAl2Si2O8, β–LiAlSi2O6, and wollastonite (CaSiO3), which was consistent with the predictions derived from phase diagrams. The chloride product was found to contain lithium chloride monohydrate (LiCl·H2O) with low impurity content as CaO addition increased, resulting in higher product purity (93–97 pct). Notably, an inverse relationship was observed between product purity and Li extraction efficiency. This work suggested that CaO may use as a fluxing agent to control impurities in the chloride product. Further research is needed to optimize Li recovery efficiency while minimizing impurity levels.