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<p>The substitution of Mn for Cr and Ni improves hardenability while reducing alloy costs, enabling the formation of fully martensitic structures over a wide range of cooling rates (CRs) and thereby expanding the process window for producing wear-resistant martensitic steels. This study systematically investigates the influence of CR on the microstructure and wear resistance of hot-rolled medium manganese martensitic steel. The experimental steels exhibited only undergo martensite transformation even at an ultraslow CR of 0.05 °C/s, which can be attributed to the synergistic effects of multiple alloying elements. As the CR decreases, the martensite start (<i>M</i><sub><i>s</i></sub>) temperature correspondingly increases. The dominant martensite variants shifted from martensite variant 1 (V1) to martensite variant 3 (V3). The density of both high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) and low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) decrease as a result of the coarsening of the martensitic multilevel microstructure in conjunction with intensified auto-tempering effects. The experimental steel exhibits a hardness of 527 HBW at a CR of 0.05 °C/s, meeting the NM500 steel standard. The primary strengthening mechanism is dislocation strengthening, while vanadium carbide (VC) precipitation strengthening can compensate for its reduction. At CRs of 6 °C/s, 1° C/s and 0.05 °C/s, the wear volumes are 2.13 × 10<sup>−2</sup>, 2.22 × 10<sup>−2</sup> and 2.31 × 10<sup>−2</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>, respectively. Compared to 6 °C/s, the wear volume of the experimental steel at 0.05 °C/s increased by only 8 pct, demonstrating its excellent wear resistance even at an extremely low CR.</p>

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Revealing the Martensitic Transformation Behavior and Wear Mechanism Under Low Cooling Rate in Medium Manganese Martensitic Wear-Resistant Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Zhenyang Zhao,
  • Gengwei Yang,
  • Ruyang Han,
  • Xiaoxiang Zhu,
  • Yaowen Xu

摘要

The substitution of Mn for Cr and Ni improves hardenability while reducing alloy costs, enabling the formation of fully martensitic structures over a wide range of cooling rates (CRs) and thereby expanding the process window for producing wear-resistant martensitic steels. This study systematically investigates the influence of CR on the microstructure and wear resistance of hot-rolled medium manganese martensitic steel. The experimental steels exhibited only undergo martensite transformation even at an ultraslow CR of 0.05 °C/s, which can be attributed to the synergistic effects of multiple alloying elements. As the CR decreases, the martensite start (Ms) temperature correspondingly increases. The dominant martensite variants shifted from martensite variant 1 (V1) to martensite variant 3 (V3). The density of both high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) and low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) decrease as a result of the coarsening of the martensitic multilevel microstructure in conjunction with intensified auto-tempering effects. The experimental steel exhibits a hardness of 527 HBW at a CR of 0.05 °C/s, meeting the NM500 steel standard. The primary strengthening mechanism is dislocation strengthening, while vanadium carbide (VC) precipitation strengthening can compensate for its reduction. At CRs of 6 °C/s, 1° C/s and 0.05 °C/s, the wear volumes are 2.13 × 10−2, 2.22 × 10−2 and 2.31 × 10−2 mm3, respectively. Compared to 6 °C/s, the wear volume of the experimental steel at 0.05 °C/s increased by only 8 pct, demonstrating its excellent wear resistance even at an extremely low CR.