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<p>Magnetic field-induced magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects during solidification can control microstructures by transferring energy to the melt without contact. However, the understanding of MHD flows and their effects on dendrite growth remains limited due to multiphysics characteristics. In this work, we developed a highly efficient model for simulating three-dimensional dendrite growth under MHD flows, integrating a unified magnetic field-based phase-field framework with a parallel multigrid algorithm. Single-dendrite simulations indicate that multi-mode MHD flows under the longitudinal magnetic field (LMF) concentrate near the primary arm tip, forming circular horizontal patterns and fourfold symmetrical vertical structures. These flows accelerate primary arm growth, shift secondary arm orientation upstream, and enhance tertiary arm formation on secondary arms. Conversely, under the transverse magnetic field (TMF), multi-mode MHD flows interact ahead of the primary arm and in the interdendritic region, ultimately exhibiting the unidirectional pattern from left to right. These flows cause secondary arms to develop into primary ones and promote upstream tertiary arm growth. Dendrite morphology differences between the domain center and edges under the LMF result from flow interactions among multiple primary arm fronts, while the curved solidification interface formed under the TMF is driven by flows in the interdendritic region.</p>

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Understanding Dendrite Morphology Complexity Under Multi-Mode Magnetohydrodynamic Flows: A Parallel Multigrid-Accelerated Three-Dimensional Phase-Field Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Congjiang Zhang,
  • Hongda Kang,
  • Yufeng Yang,
  • Haoyu Zhou,
  • Weili Ren,
  • Biao Ding,
  • Tianxiang Zheng,
  • Zuosheng Lei,
  • Ang Zhang,
  • Xiaotan Yuan,
  • Yunbo Zhong

摘要

Magnetic field-induced magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects during solidification can control microstructures by transferring energy to the melt without contact. However, the understanding of MHD flows and their effects on dendrite growth remains limited due to multiphysics characteristics. In this work, we developed a highly efficient model for simulating three-dimensional dendrite growth under MHD flows, integrating a unified magnetic field-based phase-field framework with a parallel multigrid algorithm. Single-dendrite simulations indicate that multi-mode MHD flows under the longitudinal magnetic field (LMF) concentrate near the primary arm tip, forming circular horizontal patterns and fourfold symmetrical vertical structures. These flows accelerate primary arm growth, shift secondary arm orientation upstream, and enhance tertiary arm formation on secondary arms. Conversely, under the transverse magnetic field (TMF), multi-mode MHD flows interact ahead of the primary arm and in the interdendritic region, ultimately exhibiting the unidirectional pattern from left to right. These flows cause secondary arms to develop into primary ones and promote upstream tertiary arm growth. Dendrite morphology differences between the domain center and edges under the LMF result from flow interactions among multiple primary arm fronts, while the curved solidification interface formed under the TMF is driven by flows in the interdendritic region.