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<p>The Cambrian basin of the Tethyan Himalaya lies along the northern margin of the Indian Plate. For the first time to our knowledge, the clastic sediments of the Kunzam La Formation (Cambrian Series 2–Stage 4) in the Tidong Valley, Kinnaur, have been subjected to a geochemical investigation. Analysis of rare earth elements and trace elements, supported by sandstone petrography and modal analysis, indicates a mixed provenance—primarily felsic (UCC composition) with some basic (HFSE-depleted) input—suggesting derivation from continental crustal melts in an active marginal continental island arc setting, linked to recycled orogens. The Cambrian basin was subsequently obliterated by the Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician Kurgiakh Orogeny, accompanied by extensive acidic magmatism and metamorphism. Elemental ratios of Ce/Ce*, Eu/Eu*, Ni/Co, U/Th, Y/Ho, Sr/Ba, and Sr/Cu, suggesting the formation, were deposited in a shallow marine environment with fluvial influence under highly oxidizing palaeo-redox conditions, low palaeo-salinity, and a warm, humid climate. The present geochemical data complement previous sedimentological studies of the formation in the Tidong Valley and enable a comparative assessment with geochemical data from the Spiti region.</p>

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Geochemical signatures of Cambrian clastic sediments from Tidong Valley (Kinnaur), Tethyan Himalaya: Tracing continental island arc magmatism along the northern margin of the Indian plate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月17日

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  • Ranveer Singh Negi,
  • Birendra Pratap Singh,
  • Om Narain Bhargava,
  • Sajid Ali,
  • Anupam Sharma

摘要

The Cambrian basin of the Tethyan Himalaya lies along the northern margin of the Indian Plate. For the first time to our knowledge, the clastic sediments of the Kunzam La Formation (Cambrian Series 2–Stage 4) in the Tidong Valley, Kinnaur, have been subjected to a geochemical investigation. Analysis of rare earth elements and trace elements, supported by sandstone petrography and modal analysis, indicates a mixed provenance—primarily felsic (UCC composition) with some basic (HFSE-depleted) input—suggesting derivation from continental crustal melts in an active marginal continental island arc setting, linked to recycled orogens. The Cambrian basin was subsequently obliterated by the Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician Kurgiakh Orogeny, accompanied by extensive acidic magmatism and metamorphism. Elemental ratios of Ce/Ce*, Eu/Eu*, Ni/Co, U/Th, Y/Ho, Sr/Ba, and Sr/Cu, suggesting the formation, were deposited in a shallow marine environment with fluvial influence under highly oxidizing palaeo-redox conditions, low palaeo-salinity, and a warm, humid climate. The present geochemical data complement previous sedimentological studies of the formation in the Tidong Valley and enable a comparative assessment with geochemical data from the Spiti region.