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<p>A collaborative analysis of the dynamic and safety characteristics of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is essential for improving their flexibility in regulating combined heat and power and promoting renewable energy consumption. This paper develops a comprehensive dynamic model of the SOFC system by integrating both internal and external multiscale processes, using standard thermal impedance as a basis. Based on this, the proposed dynamic state space model enables real-time updates of the matrix of multi-state quantities and characterizes the key process parameters influencing heat transfer flexibility. Additionally, we optimized the load response process by considering multiple types of safety boundaries and developed a comprehensive and precise control strategy. The results show that the SOFC system can achieve a maximum load variation of approximately 1.4% of the rated power within 7 to 9 seconds. Furthermore, a continuous load variation rise and fall of approximately 9.33% to 11.99% can be maintained for one minute without breaching the temperature boundary. During a one-minute continuous load variation, the key temperature of the cell remains approximately 2.24% to 2.51% below the safety boundary of the design temperature, ensuring both load regulation flexibility and operational safety. The modeling method and control strategy can provide valuable and practical references for the application of SOFC systems.</p>

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Dynamic Migration Route Planning and Load Variation Optimization Strategy of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Considering Flexibility and Safety

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月1日

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  • Feng Hong,
  • Mingzhi Ding,
  • Junhong Hao,
  • Tong Hao

摘要

A collaborative analysis of the dynamic and safety characteristics of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is essential for improving their flexibility in regulating combined heat and power and promoting renewable energy consumption. This paper develops a comprehensive dynamic model of the SOFC system by integrating both internal and external multiscale processes, using standard thermal impedance as a basis. Based on this, the proposed dynamic state space model enables real-time updates of the matrix of multi-state quantities and characterizes the key process parameters influencing heat transfer flexibility. Additionally, we optimized the load response process by considering multiple types of safety boundaries and developed a comprehensive and precise control strategy. The results show that the SOFC system can achieve a maximum load variation of approximately 1.4% of the rated power within 7 to 9 seconds. Furthermore, a continuous load variation rise and fall of approximately 9.33% to 11.99% can be maintained for one minute without breaching the temperature boundary. During a one-minute continuous load variation, the key temperature of the cell remains approximately 2.24% to 2.51% below the safety boundary of the design temperature, ensuring both load regulation flexibility and operational safety. The modeling method and control strategy can provide valuable and practical references for the application of SOFC systems.