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<p>The transformation of the global energy landscape and the shortage of traditional fuels are driving the utilization of biomass. This study proposes a novel system for the co-production of green methanol and green formic acid by synergistically integrating biomass gasification with CO<sub>2</sub> electro-reduction. The system model, developed using Aspen Plus with key units like the entrained-flow gasifier and a CO<sub>2</sub> electro-reduction cell model, was evaluated from thermodynamic and economic perspectives. Results demonstrate that with 25% of the captured CO<sub>2</sub> directed to electro-reduction, the system processing 14 150 t of biomass annually achieves remarkable energy and exergy efficiencies of 45.5% and 46.8%, respectively. It produces 6220 t of methanol and 1555 t of formic acid per year. The methanol production cost is 237.7 USD/t, with a payback period of 6.9 years. Equipment cost analysis shows the gasifier, air separation unit, and heat exchangers are the primary investments. Furthermore, a critical CO<sub>2</sub> consumption ratio of 36.62% is identified, minimizing the payback period to 6.05 years, while energy efficiency monotonically decreases with a higher ratio due to increased purification duty. This work provides a valuable framework for efficient and flexible co-production of green fuels and chemicals, supporting the advancement of dual-carbon goals.</p>

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Techno-Economic Analysis of Co-Producing Green Methanol and Green Formic Acid via Synergistic Integration of Biomass Gasification with CO2 Electro-Reduction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月23日

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  • Xiaochuang Cao,
  • Hanfei Zhang,
  • Mingjia Sun,
  • Jin Li,
  • Luyao Liu,
  • Arianna Baldinelli,
  • Liqiang Duan,
  • Jihong Fan,
  • Umberto Desideri

摘要

The transformation of the global energy landscape and the shortage of traditional fuels are driving the utilization of biomass. This study proposes a novel system for the co-production of green methanol and green formic acid by synergistically integrating biomass gasification with CO2 electro-reduction. The system model, developed using Aspen Plus with key units like the entrained-flow gasifier and a CO2 electro-reduction cell model, was evaluated from thermodynamic and economic perspectives. Results demonstrate that with 25% of the captured CO2 directed to electro-reduction, the system processing 14 150 t of biomass annually achieves remarkable energy and exergy efficiencies of 45.5% and 46.8%, respectively. It produces 6220 t of methanol and 1555 t of formic acid per year. The methanol production cost is 237.7 USD/t, with a payback period of 6.9 years. Equipment cost analysis shows the gasifier, air separation unit, and heat exchangers are the primary investments. Furthermore, a critical CO2 consumption ratio of 36.62% is identified, minimizing the payback period to 6.05 years, while energy efficiency monotonically decreases with a higher ratio due to increased purification duty. This work provides a valuable framework for efficient and flexible co-production of green fuels and chemicals, supporting the advancement of dual-carbon goals.