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<p>Understanding the synergistic mechanism between root mechanical effects and soil ecological effects is essential for revealing the dynamic evolution of root reinforcement. However, how this synergy evolves with plant growth stages remains unclear. To address this, a 360-day outdoor experiment was conducted using three herbaceous species: <i>Cynodon dactylon, Trifolium repens</i>, and <i>Lolium perenne</i>. Root-soil composites, unrooted soils, and intact roots were sampled at seven intervals for the measurement of disintegration rate, shear strength, soil physicochemical properties, root morphology, and root mechanical properties. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified organic matter, tensile force, and root length density as key loading factors. The results revealed a clear stage-dependent synergy: during the early stage (30–90 days), root mechanical effects (root winding and tensile force) dominated reinforcement; during the mid-to-late stage (90–360 days), soil ecological effects (organic matter accumulation and aggregate stability) progressively strengthened and co-drove reinforcement together with root traits. This dynamic synergy explained the overall reinforcement order (<i>L. perenne &gt;T. repens &gt; C. dactylon</i>) and the distinct decline observed on day 270 due to growth cycles. Notably, <i>L. perenne</i> exhibited earlier establishment advantages, whereas <i>T. repens</i> showed greater reinforcement potential than <i>C. dactylon</i> during the later stages. The PCA-based Y-values (0.92–5.83) integrated both effects. It is concluded that root reinforcement evolves from a mechanically dominated phase to a mechanically-ecological synergistic phase. This stage-dependent synergy pattern provides a mechanistic basis for the dynamic evaluation of root reinforcement and for vegetation selection according to soil stabilization requirements at different growth stages.</p>

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Synergistic mechanism between root mechanical and soil ecological effects on the dynamic evolution of root reinforcement

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Pengcheng Wang,
  • Zefan Huang,
  • Henglin Xiao,
  • Gaoliang Tao,
  • Wengang Zhang,
  • Zhiyong Zhang,
  • Xinzhuang Cui

摘要

Understanding the synergistic mechanism between root mechanical effects and soil ecological effects is essential for revealing the dynamic evolution of root reinforcement. However, how this synergy evolves with plant growth stages remains unclear. To address this, a 360-day outdoor experiment was conducted using three herbaceous species: Cynodon dactylon, Trifolium repens, and Lolium perenne. Root-soil composites, unrooted soils, and intact roots were sampled at seven intervals for the measurement of disintegration rate, shear strength, soil physicochemical properties, root morphology, and root mechanical properties. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified organic matter, tensile force, and root length density as key loading factors. The results revealed a clear stage-dependent synergy: during the early stage (30–90 days), root mechanical effects (root winding and tensile force) dominated reinforcement; during the mid-to-late stage (90–360 days), soil ecological effects (organic matter accumulation and aggregate stability) progressively strengthened and co-drove reinforcement together with root traits. This dynamic synergy explained the overall reinforcement order (L. perenne >T. repens > C. dactylon) and the distinct decline observed on day 270 due to growth cycles. Notably, L. perenne exhibited earlier establishment advantages, whereas T. repens showed greater reinforcement potential than C. dactylon during the later stages. The PCA-based Y-values (0.92–5.83) integrated both effects. It is concluded that root reinforcement evolves from a mechanically dominated phase to a mechanically-ecological synergistic phase. This stage-dependent synergy pattern provides a mechanistic basis for the dynamic evaluation of root reinforcement and for vegetation selection according to soil stabilization requirements at different growth stages.