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<p><i>Catharanthus roseus</i> is a well-known natural source of medicinally valuable alkaloids. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and chitin are recognized as effective elicitors capable of stimulating alkaloid biosynthesis with minimal adverse effects. However, a comprehensive evaluation of MeJA–chitin co-elicitation on both signaling networks and alkaloid accumulation in <i>C. roseus</i> remains lacking. In this study, the effects of 100&#xa0;µM MeJA alone and in combination with chitin (100 and 150&#xa0;mg/L) were examined on <i>in vitro</i> shoot cultures of this plant. Transcript levels of key enzymes in the terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthetic pathway, including <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> peroxidase1 (CrPRX1), deacetylvindoline acetyltransferase (DAT), geissoschizine synthase (GS), and strictosidine synthase (STR), as well as related regulatory genes, mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (<i>MAPK3</i>), and octadecanoid-responsive <i>Catharanthus</i> AP2-domain3 (<i>ORCA3</i>), were evaluated at 8 and 24&#xa0;h post-treatment. Alkaloid content, along with physiological and defensive responses (dry weight, lipid peroxidation, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidants), was also investigated at various time courses (0.5, 4, 8, 24, and 168&#xa0;h). The treatments significantly enhanced expression levels of the studied genes, increased accumulation of ajmalicine, catharanthine, vinblastine, vincristine, and vindoline, and strengthened enzymatic and non-enzymatic defenses. After 168&#xa0;h, however, increased lipid peroxidation and reductions in dry weight and photosynthetic pigment content were observed. It can be inferred that an optimized MeJA–chitin co-elicitation protocol could be applied in <i>in vitro</i> shoot culture systems or bioreactor settings to improve the production of pharmaceutically important alkaloids.</p>

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In vitro accumulation of alkaloids and upregulation of their biosynthetic and regulatory genes in Catharantus roseus (L.) G. Don using chitin and methyl jasmonate treatments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • Marzieh Paeizi,
  • Farah Karimi,
  • Mahboubeh Abedi

摘要

Catharanthus roseus is a well-known natural source of medicinally valuable alkaloids. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and chitin are recognized as effective elicitors capable of stimulating alkaloid biosynthesis with minimal adverse effects. However, a comprehensive evaluation of MeJA–chitin co-elicitation on both signaling networks and alkaloid accumulation in C. roseus remains lacking. In this study, the effects of 100 µM MeJA alone and in combination with chitin (100 and 150 mg/L) were examined on in vitro shoot cultures of this plant. Transcript levels of key enzymes in the terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthetic pathway, including Catharanthus roseus peroxidase1 (CrPRX1), deacetylvindoline acetyltransferase (DAT), geissoschizine synthase (GS), and strictosidine synthase (STR), as well as related regulatory genes, mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), and octadecanoid-responsive Catharanthus AP2-domain3 (ORCA3), were evaluated at 8 and 24 h post-treatment. Alkaloid content, along with physiological and defensive responses (dry weight, lipid peroxidation, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidants), was also investigated at various time courses (0.5, 4, 8, 24, and 168 h). The treatments significantly enhanced expression levels of the studied genes, increased accumulation of ajmalicine, catharanthine, vinblastine, vincristine, and vindoline, and strengthened enzymatic and non-enzymatic defenses. After 168 h, however, increased lipid peroxidation and reductions in dry weight and photosynthetic pigment content were observed. It can be inferred that an optimized MeJA–chitin co-elicitation protocol could be applied in in vitro shoot culture systems or bioreactor settings to improve the production of pharmaceutically important alkaloids.