Biotechnological approaches for large-scale micropropagation of S. tenuifolium Wall. Ex C.B. Clarke: a sustainable strategy for conservation and phytochemical yield
摘要
The study presents a comprehensive biotechnological approach for the large-scale micropropagation of Selinum tenuifolium Wall. Ex C.B. Clarke (Apiaceae family), a valuable medicinal and aromatic plant native to the Himalayan region. This species, known for its pharmacologically active compounds including coumarins, flavonoids, phenolics, essential oils, and polyacetylenes, faces threats due to overharvesting, necessitating efficient conservation strategies. The research establishes an optimized in vitro regeneration protocol using leaf and petiole explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with varying concentrations of auxins and cytokinins. Direct shoot regeneration and callus-mediated somatic embryogenesis were successfully achieved, with the highest shoot multiplication rate observed at 0.75 mg L−1 BAP and 0.75 mg L−1 NAA. Callus induction and somatic embryogenesis were enhanced using specific combinations of BAP and 2,4-D. Suspension culture techniques supported embryogenic callus proliferation and plantlet conversion. Scanning electron microscopy provided detailed imaging of the embryogenesis process, while ISSR marker analysis confirmed the genetic fidelity of regenerated plants, underscoring the maintenance of clonal stability. This protocol not only facilitates rapid multiplication and conservation of S. tenuifolium but also ensures sustainable production of its bioactive phytochemicals, offering a valuable tool for conservation and pharmaceutical exploitation. The study addresses the critical need for large-scale propagation to meet industrial demand and conserve this species through modern tissue culture technology.