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<p>This article presents theories on the relationship between societal polarization and online media since the 2000s. It draws on approximately 85&#xa0;systematically collected contributions from primarily American political and communication science, computational social sciences and their predecessors, and, to some extent, social psychology and economics. The analysis highlights four theoretical perspectives and key questions that shape the discussion of the link between online media and polarization in the reviewed literature: (1)&#xa0;ideological polarization and exposure to politically biased news or controversial discussions, (2)&#xa0;interactional polarization and “cross-cutting networks,” (3)&#xa0;affective polarization in the face of online incivility, and (4)&#xa0;perceived polarization and exemplar-based group affiliation.</p>

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Vier Perspektiven auf den Zusammenhang von Polarisierung und Online-Medien – Ein Literaturüberblick

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月12日

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  • Steffen Krämer

摘要

This article presents theories on the relationship between societal polarization and online media since the 2000s. It draws on approximately 85 systematically collected contributions from primarily American political and communication science, computational social sciences and their predecessors, and, to some extent, social psychology and economics. The analysis highlights four theoretical perspectives and key questions that shape the discussion of the link between online media and polarization in the reviewed literature: (1) ideological polarization and exposure to politically biased news or controversial discussions, (2) interactional polarization and “cross-cutting networks,” (3) affective polarization in the face of online incivility, and (4) perceived polarization and exemplar-based group affiliation.