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Purpose <p>Bear-inflicted injuries are often associated with severe maxillofacial injury. This study aimed to evaluate CT findings of bear-inflicted injuries using the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS) and other trauma grading systems, with a particular focus on the relationship between FISS scores and hospitalization duration as well as the characteristics of maxillofacial injuries.</p> Materials and methods <p>This retrospective study included 31 patients with bear-inflicted injuries who underwent whole-body CT. Maxillofacial injury severity was assessed using FISS, while head and thoracic injuries were evaluated using the Marshall Head-CT Classification and the AAST Chest Wall Injury Scale, respectively. Patients were categorized into short (≤ 18 days) and long (&gt; 18 days) hospitalization groups based on the median hospitalization duration. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with hospitalization duration.</p> Results <p>Patients in the long hospitalization group had higher FISS scores (p = 0.01) and AAST chest wall injury grades (p = 0.03), with no significant differences in Marshall Head-CT Classification. Multivariate analysis confirmed that both FISS scores and AAST chest wall injury grade were independently associated with hospitalization duration. A detailed analysis of FISS scores revealed significant bilateral correlations between right and left midface scores (p &lt; 0.01) and right and left upper face scores (p &lt; 0.01). Additionally, significant correlations were observed between midface and upper face scores.</p> Conclusion <p>FISS scores and AAST chest wall injury grades were significantly associated with hospitalization duration in bear-inflicted injuries. The midface and upper face injuries often occur simultaneously and bilaterally, possibly due to bears targeting the upper face to weaken their opponent.</p>

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CT-based assessment of bear-inflicted maxillofacial injuries: evaluation using the facial injury severity scale and its association with hospitalization duration

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Kento Hatakeyama,
  • Takahiro Otani,
  • Kasumi Satoh,
  • Hideomi Tsuchida,
  • Tomoki Tozawa,
  • Motoko Konno,
  • Shinsuke Suzuki,
  • Takafumi Tezuka,
  • Shunji Mugikura,
  • Akira Hayakawa,
  • Takechiyo Yamada,
  • Hajime Nakae,
  • Naoko Mori

摘要

Purpose

Bear-inflicted injuries are often associated with severe maxillofacial injury. This study aimed to evaluate CT findings of bear-inflicted injuries using the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS) and other trauma grading systems, with a particular focus on the relationship between FISS scores and hospitalization duration as well as the characteristics of maxillofacial injuries.

Materials and methods

This retrospective study included 31 patients with bear-inflicted injuries who underwent whole-body CT. Maxillofacial injury severity was assessed using FISS, while head and thoracic injuries were evaluated using the Marshall Head-CT Classification and the AAST Chest Wall Injury Scale, respectively. Patients were categorized into short (≤ 18 days) and long (> 18 days) hospitalization groups based on the median hospitalization duration. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with hospitalization duration.

Results

Patients in the long hospitalization group had higher FISS scores (p = 0.01) and AAST chest wall injury grades (p = 0.03), with no significant differences in Marshall Head-CT Classification. Multivariate analysis confirmed that both FISS scores and AAST chest wall injury grade were independently associated with hospitalization duration. A detailed analysis of FISS scores revealed significant bilateral correlations between right and left midface scores (p < 0.01) and right and left upper face scores (p < 0.01). Additionally, significant correlations were observed between midface and upper face scores.

Conclusion

FISS scores and AAST chest wall injury grades were significantly associated with hospitalization duration in bear-inflicted injuries. The midface and upper face injuries often occur simultaneously and bilaterally, possibly due to bears targeting the upper face to weaken their opponent.