<p>The aim of this work is to provide a structural analysis of the Benue Trough, a complex fault zone extending from eastern Nigeria to northern Cameroon. To improve the understanding of its structure and tectonic evolution, the Bouguer anomalies derived from the Global Gravitational Model were used to characterize its subsurface using qualitative and quantitative methods, including digital filtering and 3D inversion. The objective is to characterize the subsurface of the trough, understand its geodynamic context, and assess the implications of these structures on the outcropping formations and geological features in northern Cameroon of Garoua Rift. The results reveal that the Benue Trough exhibits a complex intracrustal structure with several NE-SW and WE trending lineaments, as well as high-density blocks likely associated with magmatic intrusions in the subsurface. These structural features suggest an upper intracrustal and lower mantle origin, reflecting the tectonic evolution and rifting processes in the region. The study highlights the Benue Trough as a natural laboratory for understanding continental rift mechanisms and provides valuable insights into the region’s geological history and potential resources.</p>