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<p>Four groups of nano barium titanate powders were prepared using the hydrothermal method. Their phase structure, microscopic morphology and electrical properties were investigated, and the impacts of raw materials on the barium titanate powders as well as the reaction mechanisms were explored. XRD and FTIR indicate the presence of hydroxyl groups and a small amount of carboxyl groups on the powder surface, and the choice of raw materials significantly affects phase purity, with H<sub>2</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> as raw materials being prone to introducing impurity phases. SEM shows that different precursors lead to morphological differences: soluble raw materials form uniform nanoparticles through a “dissolution-precipitation” mechanism while using TiO<sub>2</sub> as the titanium source generates hollow bowl-like structures through an “<i>in-situ</i> transformation” mechanism, attributed to the synergistic effects of Ostwald ripening and Kirkendall diffusion. The dielectric properties tests indicate that the dielectric constant at room temperature (1 500–3 000) and Curie temperature (2 000–5 000) of the ceramics are both lower than those of ceramics produced by solid-state methods (4 000–6 000 and &gt;10 000), and the phase transition temperature range is widened, which is attributed to factors such as grain refinement, reduced tetragonality, grain boundary effects, and increased defects.</p>

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Structure and Properties of Nano-BaTiO3 Powders Synthesized via Hydrothermal Method using Different Precursors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Haizhou Liu,
  • Xingzhong Liu,
  • Jianjian Wu,
  • Zhonghua Yao,
  • Hanxing Liu,
  • Hua Hao

摘要

Four groups of nano barium titanate powders were prepared using the hydrothermal method. Their phase structure, microscopic morphology and electrical properties were investigated, and the impacts of raw materials on the barium titanate powders as well as the reaction mechanisms were explored. XRD and FTIR indicate the presence of hydroxyl groups and a small amount of carboxyl groups on the powder surface, and the choice of raw materials significantly affects phase purity, with H2TiO3 as raw materials being prone to introducing impurity phases. SEM shows that different precursors lead to morphological differences: soluble raw materials form uniform nanoparticles through a “dissolution-precipitation” mechanism while using TiO2 as the titanium source generates hollow bowl-like structures through an “in-situ transformation” mechanism, attributed to the synergistic effects of Ostwald ripening and Kirkendall diffusion. The dielectric properties tests indicate that the dielectric constant at room temperature (1 500–3 000) and Curie temperature (2 000–5 000) of the ceramics are both lower than those of ceramics produced by solid-state methods (4 000–6 000 and >10 000), and the phase transition temperature range is widened, which is attributed to factors such as grain refinement, reduced tetragonality, grain boundary effects, and increased defects.