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<p>MXenes are emerged as promising sodium-ion storage materials by virtue of their unique combination of high electrical conductivity, abundant surface termination, and an interlayer distance that can be precisely modulated. Nevertheless, their cycling stability and rate capability are limited by severe volume expansion/contraction during charge-discharge processes and sluggish Na<sup>⁺</sup> diffusion kinetics. Herein, a novel organic molecular pillaring material in Nb<sub>2</sub>C interlayers (denoted as Nb<sub>2</sub>C@TOAA) is design via a dehydration condensation reaction between functionalized Nb<sub>2</sub>C and organic molecules (denoted as TOAA), forming amide bonds (–NH–C=O). Organic molecules intercalated into the Nb<sub>2</sub>C interlayers not only provide pillar/strain effects during Na⁺ insertion/extraction, thereby enhancing cycling stability, but also enlarge the interlayer spacing of Nb<sub>2</sub>C to facilitate fast Na<sup>+</sup> transport. Consequently, Nb<sub>2</sub>C@TOAA exhibits an enlarged interlayer spacing of 1.11&#xa0;nm, compared with 1.05&#xa0;nm for Nb<sub>2</sub>C. Benefiting from this structural design, Nb<sub>2</sub>C@TOAA delivers excellent long-term cycling stability with 68.5% capacity retention after 400 cycles at 0.5&#xa0;A g<sup>−1</sup>. Moreover, when coupled with an activated carbon cathode, the assembled sodium-ion capacitor (SIC) retains 55.2% of its capacity after 1000 cycles at 1.0&#xa0;A g<sup>−1</sup>. This work provides new insights into the design of stable layered two-dimensional materials via an organic-molecule pillaring strategy for Na<sup>+</sup> storage.</p>

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Organic molecular pillaring strategy for Nb2C MXene toward fast and stable sodium-ion storage

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Xiao-Rui Wang,
  • Wen-Jie Shi,
  • Min-Peng Li,
  • Hong-Yan Li,
  • Mao-Cheng Liu

摘要

MXenes are emerged as promising sodium-ion storage materials by virtue of their unique combination of high electrical conductivity, abundant surface termination, and an interlayer distance that can be precisely modulated. Nevertheless, their cycling stability and rate capability are limited by severe volume expansion/contraction during charge-discharge processes and sluggish Na⁺ diffusion kinetics. Herein, a novel organic molecular pillaring material in Nb2C interlayers (denoted as Nb2C@TOAA) is design via a dehydration condensation reaction between functionalized Nb2C and organic molecules (denoted as TOAA), forming amide bonds (–NH–C=O). Organic molecules intercalated into the Nb2C interlayers not only provide pillar/strain effects during Na⁺ insertion/extraction, thereby enhancing cycling stability, but also enlarge the interlayer spacing of Nb2C to facilitate fast Na+ transport. Consequently, Nb2C@TOAA exhibits an enlarged interlayer spacing of 1.11 nm, compared with 1.05 nm for Nb2C. Benefiting from this structural design, Nb2C@TOAA delivers excellent long-term cycling stability with 68.5% capacity retention after 400 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. Moreover, when coupled with an activated carbon cathode, the assembled sodium-ion capacitor (SIC) retains 55.2% of its capacity after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g−1. This work provides new insights into the design of stable layered two-dimensional materials via an organic-molecule pillaring strategy for Na+ storage.