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<p>The cathode material is a critical component that determines the energy density and rate capability of sodium-ion batteries. Na<sub>3</sub>(VOPO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F (NVOPF) possesses a high operating voltage and theoretical specific capacity. However, its intrinsically low electronic conductivity restricts its electrochemical performance and practical application. In this work, a simple and scalable method is employed to prepare NVOPF/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite by utilizing the electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged carboxyl groups on the surface of multi-walled CNTs and V<sup>4+</sup> ions, which induces the uniform growth of NVOPF on the CNTs surface. Structural characterizations reveal that NVOPF maintains good crystallinity and exhibits a significantly reduced particle size. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that NVOPF/CNTs delivers a reversible specific capacity of 110.5 mAh·g<sup>− 1</sup> at 0.1&#xa0;C, and retains 88.7 mAh·g<sup>− 1</sup> at a high rate of 20&#xa0;C, with significantly improved capacity retention compared to pure NVOPF. Furthermore, after 1000 cycles at 2&#xa0;C, NVOPF/CNTs maintains a high capacity retention of 93.5%, along with significantly reduced charge transfer resistance and sodium-ion diffusion impedance. This work provides an effective strategy for developing high-performance and easily scalable cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.</p>

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Scalable preparation of carbon nanotubes coated Na3(VOPO4)2F for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Xianglu Yin,
  • Haijun Hou,
  • Xinran Yuan,
  • Tianhao Liu,
  • Zehua Zeng,
  • Xiaoyi Bi,
  • Yu Dai,
  • Dongbin Zhang,
  • Jie Li

摘要

The cathode material is a critical component that determines the energy density and rate capability of sodium-ion batteries. Na3(VOPO4)2F (NVOPF) possesses a high operating voltage and theoretical specific capacity. However, its intrinsically low electronic conductivity restricts its electrochemical performance and practical application. In this work, a simple and scalable method is employed to prepare NVOPF/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite by utilizing the electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged carboxyl groups on the surface of multi-walled CNTs and V4+ ions, which induces the uniform growth of NVOPF on the CNTs surface. Structural characterizations reveal that NVOPF maintains good crystallinity and exhibits a significantly reduced particle size. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that NVOPF/CNTs delivers a reversible specific capacity of 110.5 mAh·g− 1 at 0.1 C, and retains 88.7 mAh·g− 1 at a high rate of 20 C, with significantly improved capacity retention compared to pure NVOPF. Furthermore, after 1000 cycles at 2 C, NVOPF/CNTs maintains a high capacity retention of 93.5%, along with significantly reduced charge transfer resistance and sodium-ion diffusion impedance. This work provides an effective strategy for developing high-performance and easily scalable cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.