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<p>Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are regarded as an ideal candidate technologies for large-scale energy storage systems because of their advantages of strong scalability and long cycle life. However, its practical application is limited by the key problem of slow redox reaction kinetics on the electrode surface. In this study, a simple, low-cost and non-polluting method was used to etch the graphite felt to regulate the surface characteristics of the graphite felt electrode. Through the synergistic reaction of oxide and graphite felt at high temperature, a porous carbon layer structure with high roughness was constructed on the electrode surface, and oxygen-containing functional groups. The results of SEM, XPS and Raman tests revealed that as the number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the modified electrode increased, the specific surface area increased by approximately 329%, and the surface electrochemical activity was significantly increased. Electrochemical tests revealed that the catalytic activity of the modified electrode for the VO²⁺/VO₂⁺ redox reaction is enhanced, and the charge transfer resistance is reduced. At a current density of 200&#xa0;mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, the VRFB energy efficiency of the assembled modified electrode reaches 68.3%, which is 8.8% higher than that of the original electrode, and the capacity retention rate can reach 63.3% after 150 cycles.</p>

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The effect of etching porous graphite felt electrode on the performance of VRFB by K2FeO4-mediated sacrificial template method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Jinjing Du,
  • Ruitong Zhai,
  • Haiyang Lin,
  • Xun Liu,
  • Bin Wang,
  • Jun Zhu,
  • Heng Zuo,
  • Qian Li,
  • Xihong He

摘要

Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are regarded as an ideal candidate technologies for large-scale energy storage systems because of their advantages of strong scalability and long cycle life. However, its practical application is limited by the key problem of slow redox reaction kinetics on the electrode surface. In this study, a simple, low-cost and non-polluting method was used to etch the graphite felt to regulate the surface characteristics of the graphite felt electrode. Through the synergistic reaction of oxide and graphite felt at high temperature, a porous carbon layer structure with high roughness was constructed on the electrode surface, and oxygen-containing functional groups. The results of SEM, XPS and Raman tests revealed that as the number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the modified electrode increased, the specific surface area increased by approximately 329%, and the surface electrochemical activity was significantly increased. Electrochemical tests revealed that the catalytic activity of the modified electrode for the VO²⁺/VO₂⁺ redox reaction is enhanced, and the charge transfer resistance is reduced. At a current density of 200 mA/cm2, the VRFB energy efficiency of the assembled modified electrode reaches 68.3%, which is 8.8% higher than that of the original electrode, and the capacity retention rate can reach 63.3% after 150 cycles.