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<p>Halloysite (HS), a naturally occurring low-cost nanomaterial, holds significant potential as a biosensor platform. However, enhancing its surface characteristics for effective nanoparticle loading remains a challenge. In this study, base-treated halloysite (BHS) was developed as an efficient substrate for the improved deposition of silver oxide nanoparticles via a vacuum impregnation technique, yielding BHS-Ag. The nanocomposites were successfully characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD),and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and subsequently modified onto a glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical applications. The resulting BHS-Ag modified glassy carbon electrode (BHS-Ag/GCE) was employed for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) revealed distinct anodic peaks for DA and UA at ~ 0.15&#xa0;V and ~ 0.35&#xa0;V, respectively, at physiological pH 7. A linear response was observed using the DPV technique over the concentration range of 10 µM–110 µM for DA and 10 µM–10 mM for UA. Simultaneous detection of both the analytes exhibited a linear detection range of 10 µM–360 µM with excellent selectivity and sensitivity, along with a potential separation of 130 mV. The detection limits were estimated to be ~ 1 µM (S/<i>N</i> ≈ 3) for both DA and UA with corresponding sensitivities of 4.58 µA µM⁻¹ cm⁻² for DA and 13.2 µA µM⁻¹ cm⁻² for UA. The sensor demonstrated practical applicability with a 95–101% recovery from commercial dopamine hydrochloride injection and spiked uric acid in artificial urine samples.</p>

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Vacuum impregnated silver–halloysite nanocomposites for the electrochemical detection of dopamine and uric acid

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月13日

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  • Sai Prasad Nayak,
  • J. K. Kiran Kumar,
  • B. Uma,
  • Sai Sathish Ramamurthy

摘要

Halloysite (HS), a naturally occurring low-cost nanomaterial, holds significant potential as a biosensor platform. However, enhancing its surface characteristics for effective nanoparticle loading remains a challenge. In this study, base-treated halloysite (BHS) was developed as an efficient substrate for the improved deposition of silver oxide nanoparticles via a vacuum impregnation technique, yielding BHS-Ag. The nanocomposites were successfully characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD),and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and subsequently modified onto a glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical applications. The resulting BHS-Ag modified glassy carbon electrode (BHS-Ag/GCE) was employed for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) revealed distinct anodic peaks for DA and UA at ~ 0.15 V and ~ 0.35 V, respectively, at physiological pH 7. A linear response was observed using the DPV technique over the concentration range of 10 µM–110 µM for DA and 10 µM–10 mM for UA. Simultaneous detection of both the analytes exhibited a linear detection range of 10 µM–360 µM with excellent selectivity and sensitivity, along with a potential separation of 130 mV. The detection limits were estimated to be ~ 1 µM (S/N ≈ 3) for both DA and UA with corresponding sensitivities of 4.58 µA µM⁻¹ cm⁻² for DA and 13.2 µA µM⁻¹ cm⁻² for UA. The sensor demonstrated practical applicability with a 95–101% recovery from commercial dopamine hydrochloride injection and spiked uric acid in artificial urine samples.