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<p>Nanostructured metal oxides, such as ZnO and NiO, are promising candidates for energy storage and optoelectronic devices; however, their individual limitations restrict their performance. In this work, ZnO, NiO, and a ZnO/NiO nanocomposite were synthesized through a cost-effective and straightforward co-precipitation route without the use of dopants or additives. The XRD, FESEM, and HRTEM were used extensively to evaluate the synthesized materials. This confirms the formation of highly crystalline ZnO and NiO phases with successful integration in the ZnO/NiO composite. Characteristic functional groups have been identified using FTIR spectroscopy. UV–vis absorption analysis revealed a reduced band gap in the composite (3.2&#xa0;eV) compared to the pristine oxides, indicating improved electronic interaction. PL analysis reveals that ZnO exhibits near-band-edge emission at 397.7&#xa0;nm, accompanied by visible blue (488.8&#xa0;nm) and green (515.7&#xa0;nm) defect-related bands. NiO presents emissions at 411.1&#xa0;nm and 434.1&#xa0;nm, arising from band-edge transitions and nickel vacancy states. The ZnO/NiO composite exhibits enhanced short-wavelength features and a new 438.5&#xa0;nm peak associated with interface states. A dominant 603.4&#xa0;nm emission confirms the presence of strong charge transfer and heterojunction-induced recombination pathways. The electrochemical performance, evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, demonstrated pseudocapacitive behavior for ZnO/NiO, achieving a specific capacitance of 269&#xa0;F g⁻¹ at a scan rate of 10 mV/s. However, this value is lower than the maximum reported for pristine NiO at very low scan rates. This suggests that composites might offer a more balanced and practically viable electrochemical performance compared to individual oxides. These results highlight the synergistic effect of combining ZnO and NiO, delivering a scalable pathway for multifunctional materials in optoelectronic and energy storage applications.</p>

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Easy synthesis and multifunctional analysis of ZnO, NiO, and ZnO/NiO nanomaterials for enhanced photoluminescence and supercapacitor performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • Raju Akumarti,
  • Anusha Vangapandu,
  • Manikya Rao Gattupalli,
  • Ravi Kumar Budithi,
  • Samatha. K.,
  • Naresh Kumar Rotte

摘要

Nanostructured metal oxides, such as ZnO and NiO, are promising candidates for energy storage and optoelectronic devices; however, their individual limitations restrict their performance. In this work, ZnO, NiO, and a ZnO/NiO nanocomposite were synthesized through a cost-effective and straightforward co-precipitation route without the use of dopants or additives. The XRD, FESEM, and HRTEM were used extensively to evaluate the synthesized materials. This confirms the formation of highly crystalline ZnO and NiO phases with successful integration in the ZnO/NiO composite. Characteristic functional groups have been identified using FTIR spectroscopy. UV–vis absorption analysis revealed a reduced band gap in the composite (3.2 eV) compared to the pristine oxides, indicating improved electronic interaction. PL analysis reveals that ZnO exhibits near-band-edge emission at 397.7 nm, accompanied by visible blue (488.8 nm) and green (515.7 nm) defect-related bands. NiO presents emissions at 411.1 nm and 434.1 nm, arising from band-edge transitions and nickel vacancy states. The ZnO/NiO composite exhibits enhanced short-wavelength features and a new 438.5 nm peak associated with interface states. A dominant 603.4 nm emission confirms the presence of strong charge transfer and heterojunction-induced recombination pathways. The electrochemical performance, evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, demonstrated pseudocapacitive behavior for ZnO/NiO, achieving a specific capacitance of 269 F g⁻¹ at a scan rate of 10 mV/s. However, this value is lower than the maximum reported for pristine NiO at very low scan rates. This suggests that composites might offer a more balanced and practically viable electrochemical performance compared to individual oxides. These results highlight the synergistic effect of combining ZnO and NiO, delivering a scalable pathway for multifunctional materials in optoelectronic and energy storage applications.