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<p>Manganese dioxide (MnO<sub>2</sub>) is one of the transition-metal oxides widely studied for various applications due to its unique structural versatility, rich redox chemistry, environmental benignity, and low cost. Herein, we demonstrated electrochemical detection and photocatalytic degradation of the methylene blue (MB) dye using high-surface-area MnO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures. The high surface area MnO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures were prepared via the reduction of KMnO<sub>4</sub> using ethylene glycol (EG). The EG acts as both a reducing and a structure-directing agent, yielding nanoscale MnO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures with minimum aggregation. A MnO<sub>2</sub>-modified glassy carbon electrode (MGCE) enabled sensitive MB detection in contaminated water, achieving a low detection limit of 0.3 µM and a sensitivity of 4.28 µA µM<sup>-1</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>. Also, the MnO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures exhibited enhanced photocatalytic degradation of MB, with degradation performance strongly influenced by the pH. Notably, the highest degradation efficiency was observed under acidic conditions (pH 2.5). Overall, the results highlight MnO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures as a promising dual-functional material for both electrochemical sensing and the remediation of organic dye pollutants.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Electrochemical detection and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using high surface area manganese dioxide nanostructures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月23日

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  • P. Sanjay,
  • R. B. Raghavendra,
  • S. Shivakumara,
  • R. Swarna,
  • M. S. Vasanthkumar,
  • N. Yogeesha,
  • Sathish Reddy

摘要

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) is one of the transition-metal oxides widely studied for various applications due to its unique structural versatility, rich redox chemistry, environmental benignity, and low cost. Herein, we demonstrated electrochemical detection and photocatalytic degradation of the methylene blue (MB) dye using high-surface-area MnO2 nanostructures. The high surface area MnO2 nanostructures were prepared via the reduction of KMnO4 using ethylene glycol (EG). The EG acts as both a reducing and a structure-directing agent, yielding nanoscale MnO2 nanostructures with minimum aggregation. A MnO2-modified glassy carbon electrode (MGCE) enabled sensitive MB detection in contaminated water, achieving a low detection limit of 0.3 µM and a sensitivity of 4.28 µA µM-1 cm-2. Also, the MnO2 nanostructures exhibited enhanced photocatalytic degradation of MB, with degradation performance strongly influenced by the pH. Notably, the highest degradation efficiency was observed under acidic conditions (pH 2.5). Overall, the results highlight MnO2 nanostructures as a promising dual-functional material for both electrochemical sensing and the remediation of organic dye pollutants.

Graphical abstract