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<p>The proton-conducting solid bio-membranes have been developed using <i>Centella Asiatica Leaf</i> (CAL) and ammonium nitrate (NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>) via the solution-casting method. The crystalline/amorphous nature of the solid bio-membranes has been examined through X-ray diffraction analysis. The surface morphology of the prepared solid bio-membranes has been analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The thermal properties and stability of the solid bio-membranes have been evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The electrical, dielectric, and transport properties have been studied through AC impedance analysis. Transport parameters have been calculated using the Arof and Trukhan models. The solid bio-membrane CALAN3 (CAL + 0.4 <i>M. wt%</i> of NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>) exhibits the highest proton conductivity of 3.37 × 10<sup>− 3</sup> <i>S/cm</i> at room temperature. The strength of CAL and CALAN3 has been determined with a dynamic testing machine. The electrochemical stability of the highest conducting solid bio-membrane (CALAN3) has been explored using linear sweep voltammetry. A primary proton-conducting battery has been constructed with the highest proton-conducting solid bio-membrane (CALAN3), showing an open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.61 <i>V</i>. The battery’s discharge performance has been investigated with various loads. A single proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) fabricated with the highest proton-conducting solid bio-membrane has been observed to have an open circuit voltage of 645 <i>mV</i> at the 10th cycle. The performance of the single PEMFC has been analyzed using the I-V polarization and I-P curves, resulting in maximum current density and power density of 6.44 <i>mA/cm</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> and 2.23 <i>mW/cm</i><sup><i>2</i></sup>, respectively.</p>

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Fabrication of solid-state proton-conducting electrochemical devices using a biomaterial, Centella Asiatica Leaf (CAL), with ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) solid bio membrane electrolyte

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • T. Sabeetha,
  • M. V. Leena Chandra,
  • S. Selvasekarapandian,
  • S. Aafrin Hazaana

摘要

The proton-conducting solid bio-membranes have been developed using Centella Asiatica Leaf (CAL) and ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) via the solution-casting method. The crystalline/amorphous nature of the solid bio-membranes has been examined through X-ray diffraction analysis. The surface morphology of the prepared solid bio-membranes has been analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The thermal properties and stability of the solid bio-membranes have been evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The electrical, dielectric, and transport properties have been studied through AC impedance analysis. Transport parameters have been calculated using the Arof and Trukhan models. The solid bio-membrane CALAN3 (CAL + 0.4 M. wt% of NH4NO3) exhibits the highest proton conductivity of 3.37 × 10− 3 S/cm at room temperature. The strength of CAL and CALAN3 has been determined with a dynamic testing machine. The electrochemical stability of the highest conducting solid bio-membrane (CALAN3) has been explored using linear sweep voltammetry. A primary proton-conducting battery has been constructed with the highest proton-conducting solid bio-membrane (CALAN3), showing an open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.61 V. The battery’s discharge performance has been investigated with various loads. A single proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) fabricated with the highest proton-conducting solid bio-membrane has been observed to have an open circuit voltage of 645 mV at the 10th cycle. The performance of the single PEMFC has been analyzed using the I-V polarization and I-P curves, resulting in maximum current density and power density of 6.44 mA/cm2 and 2.23 mW/cm2, respectively.