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<p>While ether-free anion exchange membranes (AEMs) have demonstrated enhanced alkaline stability, the simultaneous enhancement of hydroxide conductivity and dimensional stability remains a challenging aspect to address. This study proposes a reductive amination strategy for synthesizing cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-based AEMs. The strategy involves controlled molecular weight variation (K16, K30, and K60) and alkylamine functionalization. The employment of n-propylamine, 3-(Dimethylamino)propylamine (DMAPA), and hexadecylamine in conjunction with a 1,6-dibromohexane cross-linker has enabled the systematic tailoring of membrane architectures. The K16-PVP grafted with DMAPA demonstrated the highest grafting degree, as confirmed by FT-IR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR analyses, and exhibited enhanced cross-linking density. This synergy resulted in a significant improvement in ion transportation and mechanical stability. The optimized membrane performed exceptionally, with 94.15 mS·cm<sup>−1</sup> of hydroxide conductivity at 80&#xa0;°C, surpassing PVP-based AEM reports, while still maintaining 85.3% conductivity after 240&#xa0;h in 2&#xa0;M NaOH at 80&#xa0;°C. These results establish molecular weight-controlled reductive amination as an effective approach to resolve the critical conductivity-stability trade-off in anion exchange membranes.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Reductive amination–engineered dual-function networks enhance alkaline stability and hydroxide conductivity in polyvinylpyrrolidone AEMs

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月29日

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  • Shiyu Dong,
  • Yutong Fan,
  • Fuhai Wang,
  • Chunhui Shen,
  • Shanjun Gao

摘要

While ether-free anion exchange membranes (AEMs) have demonstrated enhanced alkaline stability, the simultaneous enhancement of hydroxide conductivity and dimensional stability remains a challenging aspect to address. This study proposes a reductive amination strategy for synthesizing cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-based AEMs. The strategy involves controlled molecular weight variation (K16, K30, and K60) and alkylamine functionalization. The employment of n-propylamine, 3-(Dimethylamino)propylamine (DMAPA), and hexadecylamine in conjunction with a 1,6-dibromohexane cross-linker has enabled the systematic tailoring of membrane architectures. The K16-PVP grafted with DMAPA demonstrated the highest grafting degree, as confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR analyses, and exhibited enhanced cross-linking density. This synergy resulted in a significant improvement in ion transportation and mechanical stability. The optimized membrane performed exceptionally, with 94.15 mS·cm−1 of hydroxide conductivity at 80 °C, surpassing PVP-based AEM reports, while still maintaining 85.3% conductivity after 240 h in 2 M NaOH at 80 °C. These results establish molecular weight-controlled reductive amination as an effective approach to resolve the critical conductivity-stability trade-off in anion exchange membranes.

Graphical Abstract